11 Temmuz 2012 Çarşamba
10 Temmuz 2012 Salı
9 Temmuz 2012 Pazartesi
Theme 87 - Monday
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From @NumbYaar: The whole world was going berserk with the start of another week. Everyone was ranting and tweeting about yet another manic Monday. But he sat in his jail cell unperturbed. For him Monday just meant a different Biryani.
From @ChaaluChapaati: I offer ladies free drinks and bathroom singers a chance to croon for an audience. I offer discounted drinks in almost every bar in every city in the world. I bring with me new beginnings, fresh starts and firmer resolutions. But no matter what I do, I know everyone still hates me. And always will.
From @ThePheno_Menon: He flipped through all the vinyl records in his Dad's collection. Some were classic rock, some were funk and some blues and jazz in there too. He could see the Beatles, Boney M, ABBA and even Simon & Garfunkel. But today, he picked out the Bangles. It indeed was just another Manic Monday.
From @theslumdawg:
It was a Monday, he was enjoying his afternoon booze and he got a text, from the one he loved (secretly) for more than eight years.
"Text: Hey, let's meet."
He took an auto-rickshaw, got the train, was waving out from the running train. Enjoying the wind and Suddenly, bumped into a signal pole. BANG!
From @FateMarfatia: *Sets a deadline. Takes a Twitter break. Admonishes self for prolonging the break. Pep-talks self. Begins work. Distracted by a text from Snapdeal. Ignores. Rewards self for resisting temptation by cat napping. Wakes up somewhat paralysed. Rushes out for fresh air and food. Takes another Twitter break upon return. Feels mentally drained. Sets another deadline*
From @FlirtingKaapi: As she picked up the sweets, she just couldn’t help smiling. It is her daughter’s first day at work. The unwanted daughter for whom she was thrown out of her family is now a pilot with the Indian Air force. She couldn’t contain her pride in her eyes and they overflowed as tears of joy.
From @MrNarci: She logged onto Twitter and saw everyone on her timeline ranting. She never understood the hate Monday got. Here she was lying on her bed, with a glass of cold coffee by her side, when everyone else was slogging through traffic and at work. Hairdressing was a good career choice, albeit Sunday was her Monday.
From @karthikisthin:
He woke up with a smile. Landing a job in Mumbai was a dream come true for Subhash. There were 7 office skyscrapers near his chawl.
Most of them jumped from above the 10th floor. His earnings were fixed - Rs. 100 per body. Business always picked up today.
Just another day at the office.
From @roshd: Ravi was a very practical and non-superstitious man. Yet the Monday morning blues got to him every week. He analysed and came to the conclusion that Mondays are nature’s way of punishing us for enjoying the weekend too much. Satisfied, he began planning this weekend’s party with a vengeance.
From @BoozeSexSundry: They say I’ve gone crazy. I don’t believe it. When your dad is said to be patrolling LOC with guns and you’ve been waiting for him to come back, read your new poem, you can’t entirely lose it. It was a Monday last week. I don't know what it is today. Maybe it's a Tuesday.
From @aaroo4: Dear God, i know today is my last day and its back to school tomorrow. But remember, it is Monday, he is bound to have a lot of meetings and work. Go easy on him. Tell him mom is watching him from up there, and guiding him every step of the way. Thank you God!
From @tunnvi: The alarm rang, she sprang out of bed, took a quick shower. She wore her best dress and sprayed on her favorite perfume. She took the stairs since the lift took time. The cab was waiting, she ran as fast as she could. She didn’t wanna be late. For Monday, was when he met her.
From @dhau:
Atrophied muscles. Chapped lips. Sighs of relief. Loads of hugs.
It’d been 4 months since the accident.
“Shrewsberry biscuit please” he wheezed. The mind’s desires can be confounding.
20 minutes passed. “Please…” he rasped before giving up.
All the stores were shut. Too bad Manoj decided to wake up from his coma on a Monday.
From @pudworks:
A long belly and hip scratch and a satisfying yawn later, he turned to the other side on his bed.
The sun’s rays penetrated his window, but not the thick blanket over his head. He twitched.
What was that? A faint whiff! And off ran Garfield to accost Jon.
Mondays often went downhill after breakfast.
From @deescjockey: At the stroke of 6, she woke up and put the electric kettle to boil. She brushed; and was browsing through her sarees when it hit her - the plaque on the top shelf, still draped in cellophane, read: “To the best teacher in the whole world: Wish you a happy and healthy retired life.”
From @bitchwanti:
"Mundane. Sounds oddly like Monday",she laughed. "Mundane Monday!"
"Mourn-day?"
"Mon-day, meaning my day!"
"Yes indeed, after the lazy lethargy of Sunday, Monday indeed is MY day," she signed with a flourish on the calendar, as the day smiled at her for accepting it so unconditionally.
From @AmanjotKSandhu: She was dreaming of him. He had a hand around her waist and a little boy was holding his other hand. She hadn’t seen the boy before. But he had her eyes. “Our son!!”, she realized. Waking up, she remembered he had broken up with her last night. It was the Monday of her life.
From @eyolous: Rains. Torrential rains. A population of umbrellas as they push their way through an obstacle race of puddles. The hum of trains like overflowing suitcases on wheels. Grey skies. Muck.Cell Phones buzz like swarming flies. Hands, feet , lips . Noise. Good Morning Monday.
From @RuthSaldanha: He needed a break... The in-laws, the wife, the badly behaved BRATS, the overpriced hotel, the watered-down booze... Thank God for his job! Thank God for Mondays!
From @tazeenzafar:
‘I hate Mondays’, he said as he drove to work.
The day had been blamed yet again. He didn’t hate the day, he hated his work place. It took him two years to realize it and when he did, his boss received his resignation letter instead of the file work. He never hated Mondays again.
From @CruciFire:
“I am MonDay and everyone hates me.”
“Hiiiii MonDay.”
“I am the special day for so many couples, festivities, traditions but people still loathe me. Just cause I am the first day in the work week, everyone abhors me. Now what is my fault in that?”
“Awwww...”
*Everyone group hugs her*
From @shantusharma: Loser riles against me. Lazy mourns I arrive sooner than orgasm. Sluggish bum keeps procrastinating and try to transcend me every time but in vain. And these comprise 99% of men and women. I am not one of the 7 sins. What do I do wrong? I just do my job. Like 6 others.
From @anushreekejriwa: I came to a new city, all alone, with hope in my eyes and a picture of my family in my heart. Monday the big day made me realise that the first day of new life makes me yearn for my mothers warm smile.
From @anjana_murali: Today while returning from work, she saw a little girl of five standing outside a gift shop staring at the wonderful colours inside. Without hesitation, she went inside and purchased a lovely gift and gave it to the girl. It was a normal Monday for her but a special birthday for the girl.
From @ClockRoots:
“….Was it a vision, or a waking dream? Fled is that music:—Do I wake or sleep?” “Ode To A Nightingale by…”Before she could complete her recital, a slow trail of blood flowed down her thighs. Red blots appeared on her socks. It was her first Monday of womanhood and grade VII, as well.From @vchatting: Anesthesia lulled her screams of labor…… She could still feel the doctor about her ……till the doctor announced, “ It’s a boy! Normal.”
She felt the relief ! Smiling through her exhaustion, hugged the warm soft feel of the little human form she’d created ! ”My darling baby.”
It was the landmark Monday of her life. From @KingOFlames: She found a lipstick stain on his shirt.So, he was cheating.Later that evening, She put A bullet in his heart. The heart that was supposedly hers. She later realised they were her lips. She was too drunk to remember it before. Ashamed and guilty, she shot herself.Not really a typical monday.From @The_Buffmaster: The solar king was gifted seven sons separated by a day’s gap. Bestowed with same qualities, they grew up becoming heirs to the kingdom. Soon, the eldest was engulfed and lured by the dark powers. Practicing treachery and disheartening merry souls, he rules till shadows disappear. He rejuvenates every week, to be known as Monday.From @muted_musings: It was her turn. Again. The Others were laughing like wicked villains at her timidity. She took in a deep breath as she heard Destiny approaching. She spread her wings with practised precision as she witnessed Time make a grand entry. Monday arrived on world's stage with grace hoping not to be ridiculed yet again.
From @writingchalk:
He smashed his head on a big boulder. Not a scratch.
He tried swallowing poison. For him it was like water.
He asked a lion to maul him. The lion gave up.
He tried all possible excuses to skip the first working day of the week – even the Incredible Hulk was no match for it.
From @NeelSheth:
Dear Monday,
They curse you, hate you; even say "fuck you". Don't bother, for they hate one or the other day. Thank you for listening to our rants and not kicking back; you're a true sport. Lemme tell you "I love you" if it makes you feel any better. Smile now please.
Cheers
Neel
From @ponderpuffman: The time froze at 8:22 am. Dark circles and migraines, she could handle. A dismissive boss and long working hours, she could handle. Loud co-workers and unrealistic deadlines, she could handle. What she couldn’t handle was why they always, ALWAYS attacked her in unison. The alarm clock was her first victim today.
From @TandooriCutlet: He’d been asleep for 25 long years. Opening his eyes he blinked in the harsh light. He tried to find answers to all the questions screaming in his head. He decided to start with when he’d woken up. “It’s Monday, 9th July 2012, sir”, said the nurse. Monday? Feeling blue, he promptly fell asleep again.
From @tamannadahiya29:
The anxiety, the craving,the insurmountable desire, the longing just to get a single look of his face, his smile made her wish for weeks to exist without Sundays.
Rather her joy knew no bounds on Monday, the day she could see her beloved again.
But, everyday is a Sunday now. Life's dearies.
From @preetiramaraj: "It wasn’t an ordinary monday, the ones you wake up to; groaning and complaining. This one was special. The one she had been waiting for a very long time. When she would finally let go of her secrets and her dreams would come true. Little did she know that she would hate this monday forever."
From @ChaaluChapaati: I offer ladies free drinks and bathroom singers a chance to croon for an audience. I offer discounted drinks in almost every bar in every city in the world. I bring with me new beginnings, fresh starts and firmer resolutions. But no matter what I do, I know everyone still hates me. And always will.
From @ThePheno_Menon: He flipped through all the vinyl records in his Dad's collection. Some were classic rock, some were funk and some blues and jazz in there too. He could see the Beatles, Boney M, ABBA and even Simon & Garfunkel. But today, he picked out the Bangles. It indeed was just another Manic Monday.
From @theslumdawg:
It was a Monday, he was enjoying his afternoon booze and he got a text, from the one he loved (secretly) for more than eight years.
"Text: Hey, let's meet."
He took an auto-rickshaw, got the train, was waving out from the running train. Enjoying the wind and Suddenly, bumped into a signal pole. BANG!
From @FateMarfatia: *Sets a deadline. Takes a Twitter break. Admonishes self for prolonging the break. Pep-talks self. Begins work. Distracted by a text from Snapdeal. Ignores. Rewards self for resisting temptation by cat napping. Wakes up somewhat paralysed. Rushes out for fresh air and food. Takes another Twitter break upon return. Feels mentally drained. Sets another deadline*
From @FlirtingKaapi: As she picked up the sweets, she just couldn’t help smiling. It is her daughter’s first day at work. The unwanted daughter for whom she was thrown out of her family is now a pilot with the Indian Air force. She couldn’t contain her pride in her eyes and they overflowed as tears of joy.
From @MrNarci: She logged onto Twitter and saw everyone on her timeline ranting. She never understood the hate Monday got. Here she was lying on her bed, with a glass of cold coffee by her side, when everyone else was slogging through traffic and at work. Hairdressing was a good career choice, albeit Sunday was her Monday.
From @karthikisthin:
He woke up with a smile. Landing a job in Mumbai was a dream come true for Subhash. There were 7 office skyscrapers near his chawl.
Most of them jumped from above the 10th floor. His earnings were fixed - Rs. 100 per body. Business always picked up today.
Just another day at the office.
From @roshd: Ravi was a very practical and non-superstitious man. Yet the Monday morning blues got to him every week. He analysed and came to the conclusion that Mondays are nature’s way of punishing us for enjoying the weekend too much. Satisfied, he began planning this weekend’s party with a vengeance.
From @BoozeSexSundry: They say I’ve gone crazy. I don’t believe it. When your dad is said to be patrolling LOC with guns and you’ve been waiting for him to come back, read your new poem, you can’t entirely lose it. It was a Monday last week. I don't know what it is today. Maybe it's a Tuesday.
From @aaroo4: Dear God, i know today is my last day and its back to school tomorrow. But remember, it is Monday, he is bound to have a lot of meetings and work. Go easy on him. Tell him mom is watching him from up there, and guiding him every step of the way. Thank you God!
From @tunnvi: The alarm rang, she sprang out of bed, took a quick shower. She wore her best dress and sprayed on her favorite perfume. She took the stairs since the lift took time. The cab was waiting, she ran as fast as she could. She didn’t wanna be late. For Monday, was when he met her.
From @dhau:
Atrophied muscles. Chapped lips. Sighs of relief. Loads of hugs.
It’d been 4 months since the accident.
“Shrewsberry biscuit please” he wheezed. The mind’s desires can be confounding.
20 minutes passed. “Please…” he rasped before giving up.
All the stores were shut. Too bad Manoj decided to wake up from his coma on a Monday.
From @pudworks:
A long belly and hip scratch and a satisfying yawn later, he turned to the other side on his bed.
The sun’s rays penetrated his window, but not the thick blanket over his head. He twitched.
What was that? A faint whiff! And off ran Garfield to accost Jon.
Mondays often went downhill after breakfast.
From @deescjockey: At the stroke of 6, she woke up and put the electric kettle to boil. She brushed; and was browsing through her sarees when it hit her - the plaque on the top shelf, still draped in cellophane, read: “To the best teacher in the whole world: Wish you a happy and healthy retired life.”
From @bitchwanti:
"Mundane. Sounds oddly like Monday",she laughed. "Mundane Monday!"
"Mourn-day?"
"Mon-day, meaning my day!"
"Yes indeed, after the lazy lethargy of Sunday, Monday indeed is MY day," she signed with a flourish on the calendar, as the day smiled at her for accepting it so unconditionally.
From @AmanjotKSandhu: She was dreaming of him. He had a hand around her waist and a little boy was holding his other hand. She hadn’t seen the boy before. But he had her eyes. “Our son!!”, she realized. Waking up, she remembered he had broken up with her last night. It was the Monday of her life.
From @eyolous: Rains. Torrential rains. A population of umbrellas as they push their way through an obstacle race of puddles. The hum of trains like overflowing suitcases on wheels. Grey skies. Muck.Cell Phones buzz like swarming flies. Hands, feet , lips . Noise. Good Morning Monday.
From @RuthSaldanha: He needed a break... The in-laws, the wife, the badly behaved BRATS, the overpriced hotel, the watered-down booze... Thank God for his job! Thank God for Mondays!
From @tazeenzafar:
‘I hate Mondays’, he said as he drove to work.
The day had been blamed yet again. He didn’t hate the day, he hated his work place. It took him two years to realize it and when he did, his boss received his resignation letter instead of the file work. He never hated Mondays again.
From @CruciFire:
“I am MonDay and everyone hates me.”
“Hiiiii MonDay.”
“I am the special day for so many couples, festivities, traditions but people still loathe me. Just cause I am the first day in the work week, everyone abhors me. Now what is my fault in that?”
“Awwww...”
*Everyone group hugs her*
From @shantusharma: Loser riles against me. Lazy mourns I arrive sooner than orgasm. Sluggish bum keeps procrastinating and try to transcend me every time but in vain. And these comprise 99% of men and women. I am not one of the 7 sins. What do I do wrong? I just do my job. Like 6 others.
From @anushreekejriwa: I came to a new city, all alone, with hope in my eyes and a picture of my family in my heart. Monday the big day made me realise that the first day of new life makes me yearn for my mothers warm smile.
From @anjana_murali: Today while returning from work, she saw a little girl of five standing outside a gift shop staring at the wonderful colours inside. Without hesitation, she went inside and purchased a lovely gift and gave it to the girl. It was a normal Monday for her but a special birthday for the girl.
From @ClockRoots:
“….Was it a vision, or a waking dream? Fled is that music:—Do I wake or sleep?” “Ode To A Nightingale by…”Before she could complete her recital, a slow trail of blood flowed down her thighs. Red blots appeared on her socks. It was her first Monday of womanhood and grade VII, as well.From @vchatting: Anesthesia lulled her screams of labor…… She could still feel the doctor about her ……till the doctor announced, “ It’s a boy! Normal.”
She felt the relief ! Smiling through her exhaustion, hugged the warm soft feel of the little human form she’d created ! ”My darling baby.”
It was the landmark Monday of her life. From @KingOFlames: She found a lipstick stain on his shirt.So, he was cheating.Later that evening, She put A bullet in his heart. The heart that was supposedly hers. She later realised they were her lips. She was too drunk to remember it before. Ashamed and guilty, she shot herself.Not really a typical monday.From @The_Buffmaster: The solar king was gifted seven sons separated by a day’s gap. Bestowed with same qualities, they grew up becoming heirs to the kingdom. Soon, the eldest was engulfed and lured by the dark powers. Practicing treachery and disheartening merry souls, he rules till shadows disappear. He rejuvenates every week, to be known as Monday.From @muted_musings: It was her turn. Again. The Others were laughing like wicked villains at her timidity. She took in a deep breath as she heard Destiny approaching. She spread her wings with practised precision as she witnessed Time make a grand entry. Monday arrived on world's stage with grace hoping not to be ridiculed yet again.
From @writingchalk:
He smashed his head on a big boulder. Not a scratch.
He tried swallowing poison. For him it was like water.
He asked a lion to maul him. The lion gave up.
He tried all possible excuses to skip the first working day of the week – even the Incredible Hulk was no match for it.
From @NeelSheth:
Dear Monday,
They curse you, hate you; even say "fuck you". Don't bother, for they hate one or the other day. Thank you for listening to our rants and not kicking back; you're a true sport. Lemme tell you "I love you" if it makes you feel any better. Smile now please.
Cheers
Neel
From @ponderpuffman: The time froze at 8:22 am. Dark circles and migraines, she could handle. A dismissive boss and long working hours, she could handle. Loud co-workers and unrealistic deadlines, she could handle. What she couldn’t handle was why they always, ALWAYS attacked her in unison. The alarm clock was her first victim today.
From @TandooriCutlet: He’d been asleep for 25 long years. Opening his eyes he blinked in the harsh light. He tried to find answers to all the questions screaming in his head. He decided to start with when he’d woken up. “It’s Monday, 9th July 2012, sir”, said the nurse. Monday? Feeling blue, he promptly fell asleep again.
From @tamannadahiya29:
The anxiety, the craving,the insurmountable desire, the longing just to get a single look of his face, his smile made her wish for weeks to exist without Sundays.
Rather her joy knew no bounds on Monday, the day she could see her beloved again.
But, everyday is a Sunday now. Life's dearies.
From @preetiramaraj: "It wasn’t an ordinary monday, the ones you wake up to; groaning and complaining. This one was special. The one she had been waiting for a very long time. When she would finally let go of her secrets and her dreams would come true. Little did she know that she would hate this monday forever."
Generate Max Number from an Integer Array
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Question:You are given a list of positive int numbers, find out the max number that can be comprised of these input int numbers.
Example: For input 1, 2, 3, the max number would be 321.For 8, 87, 896, the max number would be 896887.
Answer:For example, if the numbers are 24, 243, 2435? The max number should be [2435][243][24].Is there a way we can sort this array, and get a new array: [2435, 243, 24]?
When we sort this array, we can define a comparator. When it compares two numbers (say a and b), if the two numbers has same digit numbers, we directly compare it, if they have different digit numbers (say a has less digit numbers than b), for the number (a in this case) has less digit numbers, we would get a new int number (get a new int a0 from b) by right padding it with the original digit numbers, and get a new number a0, then compare a0 and b.
So when compare 24 and 2435, we would think we are actually comparing 2[424] and 2435, so in the descending sorted array, 2535 would come before 24.
So the descending sorted array would be [2435, 243, 24], as 2435 > 243[2] > 24[24]; the generated max number would be [2435][243][24], this would be exactly what we expect.
Code:The complete algorithm/test code and also many other algorithm problems and solutions are available from https://github.com/programmer-plus.
Example: For input 1, 2, 3, the max number would be 321.For 8, 87, 896, the max number would be 896887.
Answer:For example, if the numbers are 24, 243, 2435? The max number should be [2435][243][24].Is there a way we can sort this array, and get a new array: [2435, 243, 24]?
When we sort this array, we can define a comparator. When it compares two numbers (say a and b), if the two numbers has same digit numbers, we directly compare it, if they have different digit numbers (say a has less digit numbers than b), for the number (a in this case) has less digit numbers, we would get a new int number (get a new int a0 from b) by right padding it with the original digit numbers, and get a new number a0, then compare a0 and b.
So when compare 24 and 2435, we would think we are actually comparing 2[424] and 2435, so in the descending sorted array, 2535 would come before 24.
So the descending sorted array would be [2435, 243, 24], as 2435 > 243[2] > 24[24]; the generated max number would be [2435][243][24], this would be exactly what we expect.
Code:The complete algorithm/test code and also many other algorithm problems and solutions are available from https://github.com/programmer-plus.
package org.codeexample.maxNumber;import java.util.Collections;import java.util.Comparator;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import org.codeexample.common.OverflowException;import org.codeexample.common.Utils;class MyComparator implements Comparator<Integer> { /** * For input 87 and 8, it would return -1, for 89 and 8, return 1, for 88 * and 8, return 0. */ public int compare(Integer int1, Integer int2) { if (int1 == null) return -1; if (int2 == null) return 1; // if eqauls, return directly to improve efficiency. if (int1.equals(int2)) return 0; int int1DigitNumber = Utils.getNumberOfDigits(int1), int2DigitNumber = Utils .getNumberOfDigits(int2); if (int1DigitNumber > int2DigitNumber) { int2 = rightPadNumber(int2, int1DigitNumber); } else if (int1DigitNumber < int2DigitNumber) { int1 = rightPadNumber(int1, int2DigitNumber); } return int1.compareTo(int2); } /** * @param ia * @param newDigitalNumber * @return pad the number by the original digital numbers in order. <br> * For example, for input 98, 5, it would return 98989 - five * numbers. * @throws IllegalArgumentException, * if the new digital number is less than the digital number of * the old integer. * @throws OverflowException, * if the generated number would be larger than * Integer.MAX_VALUE */ public static int rightPadNumber(int ia, int newDigitalNumber) throws IllegalArgumentException, OverflowException { int oldNumbers = Utils.getNumberOfDigits(ia); if (oldNumbers > newDigitalNumber) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Invalid parameters: " + ia + " has " + oldNumbers + " digits, its larger than the specified new digit number: " + newDigitalNumber); } else if (oldNumbers == newDigitalNumber) { return ia; // Improve efficiency. } // example: to pad 98 to five numbers: 98988. boolean negative = ia < 0; if (negative) { ia = -ia; } String orginalString = String.valueOf(ia); StringBuffer resultString = new StringBuffer( orginalString); int diff = newDigitalNumber - oldNumbers; while (diff >= oldNumbers) { resultString.append(orginalString); diff -= oldNumbers; } // now, result = 9898, diff = 1; if (diff > 0) { resultString.append(orginalString.substring(0, diff)); } if (negative) { resultString.insert(0, "-"); } try { return Integer.valueOf(resultString.toString()); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { throw new OverflowException(e); } }}public class MaxNumber { /** * @see org.codeexample.maxNumber#maxNumber(java.util.List) */ public static int maxNumber(int[] ia) throws IllegalArgumentException, OverflowException { return maxNumber(Utils.toList(ia)); } /** * @param la, * a list of positive Integer numbers * @return the max value that is generated by concatting each Integer value<br> * For example, for input 8, 87, 89, it would return 89887 * @throws IllegalArgumentException, * if the parameters include negative number * @throws OverflowException, * if the generated number would be larger than * Integer.MAX_VALUE */ public static int maxNumber(List<Integer> la) throws IllegalArgumentException, OverflowException { Collections.sort(la, new MyComparator()); Collections.reverse(la); Iterator<Integer> iterator = la.iterator(); int result = 0; while (iterator.hasNext()) { int tmpi = iterator.next(); if (tmpi < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "The list contains negative number: " + tmpi); } int digitNumber = Utils.getNumberOfDigits(tmpi); // result = (10^digitNumber)*result + tmpi; result = Utils.safeMultiply(new Double(Math .pow(10, digitNumber)).intValue(), result); result = Utils.safeAdd(result, tmpi); } return result; }}
Auto Completion - Find Strings starting with Prefix
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We are all familiar with the auto completion function provided by IDE, for example, in eclipse, if we type Collections.un, then eclipse would list all methods that start with "un" such as unmodifiableCollection, unmodifiableList etc.
So we have the following question:You have a list of string, you need find all strings that starts with prefix provided repeatedly, how to do this efficiently?
Answer:We need to preprocess the list of string, so later we can quickly search it.
One way is to sort the string list by alphabetical order, then when search with the prefix (say app), we binary search this list and get a lower index whose string is larger than “app”, and get a higher index whose string is less than “apr”, then all strings between the lower index and higher index[lower index, higher index) are the strings that starts with the prefix.Each query would take O(longn), n is the length of the string list.
Another better way is to create a tree from the string list, for example, for string "append", it would look like this: [root node(flag)] / a / \ [ST] p \ p -- return all strings from this sub tree / e \ n / \ d [Sub Tree] /[leaf node(flag)]So when we search all strings that starts with "app", it can search this tree, and get all strings of the p node, the time complexity depends on the length of the prefix, having nothing to do with the length of the string list. This is much better.
Code:
The complete algorithm/test code and also many other algorithm problems and solutions are available from https://github.com/programmer-plus.
So we have the following question:You have a list of string, you need find all strings that starts with prefix provided repeatedly, how to do this efficiently?
Answer:We need to preprocess the list of string, so later we can quickly search it.
One way is to sort the string list by alphabetical order, then when search with the prefix (say app), we binary search this list and get a lower index whose string is larger than “app”, and get a higher index whose string is less than “apr”, then all strings between the lower index and higher index[lower index, higher index) are the strings that starts with the prefix.Each query would take O(longn), n is the length of the string list.
Another better way is to create a tree from the string list, for example, for string "append", it would look like this: [root node(flag)] / a / \ [ST] p \ p -- return all strings from this sub tree / e \ n / \ d [Sub Tree] /[leaf node(flag)]So when we search all strings that starts with "app", it can search this tree, and get all strings of the p node, the time complexity depends on the length of the prefix, having nothing to do with the length of the string list. This is much better.
Code:
The complete algorithm/test code and also many other algorithm problems and solutions are available from https://github.com/programmer-plus.
package org.codeexample.autocomplete;
public class WordTree {
private WordNode root;
public WordTree() {
root = new WordNode(null);
}
/**
* Add a string into this word tree, if word is null or an empty string, do
* nothing
*/
public void addWord(String word) {
if (word == null)
return;
word = word.trim();
if ("".equals(word)) {
return;
}
WordNode parentNode = root, curretNode;
for (int i = 0; i < word.length(); i++) {
char character = word.charAt(i);
Map<Character, WordNode> children = parentNode.getChildrenMap();
if (children.containsKey(character)) {
curretNode = children.get(character);
} else {
curretNode = new WordNode(character);
parentNode.addChild(curretNode);
}
parentNode = curretNode;
}
// at last, add a leaf node - whose character value is null to indicate
// the end of the word
curretNode = new WordNode(null);
parentNode.addChild(curretNode);
}
/**
* @param prefix
* @return all words in this tree that starts with the prefix, <br>
* if prefix is null, return an empty list, if prefix is empty
* string, return all words in this word tree.
*/
public List<String> wordsPrefixWith(String prefix) {
List<String> words = new ArrayList<String>();
if (prefix == null)
return words;
prefix = prefix.trim();
WordNode currentNode = root;
for (int i = 0; i < prefix.length(); i++) {
char character = prefix.charAt(i);
Map<Character, WordNode> children = currentNode.getChildrenMap();
if (!children.containsKey(character)) {
return words;
}
currentNode = children.get(character);
}
return currentNode.subWords();
}
/**
* @param word
* @return whether this tree contains this word, <br>
* if the word is null return false, if word is empty string, return
* true.
*/
public boolean hasWord(String word) {
if (word == null)
return false;
word = word.trim();
if ("".equals(word))
return true;
WordNode currentNode = root;
for (int i = 0; i < word.length(); i++) {
char character = word.charAt(i);
Map<Character, WordNode> children = currentNode.getChildrenMap();
if (!children.containsKey(character)) {
return false;
}
currentNode = children.get(character);
}
// at last, check whether the parent node contains one null key - the
// leaf node, if so return true, else return false.
return currentNode.getChildrenMap().containsKey(null);
}
}
class WordNode {
private Character character;
private WordNode parent;
private Map<Character, WordNode> childrenMap = new HashMap<Character, WordNode>();
public WordNode(Character character) {
this.character = character;
}
/**
* @return all strings of this sub tree
*/
public List<String> subWords() {
List<String> subWords = new ArrayList<String>();
String prefix = getPrefix();
List<String> noPrefixSubWords = subWordsImpl();
for (String noPrefixSubWord : noPrefixSubWords) {
subWords.add(prefix + noPrefixSubWord);
}
return subWords;
}
private List<String> subWordsImpl() {
List<String> words = new ArrayList<String>();
Iterator<Character> keyIterator = childrenMap.keySet().iterator();
while (keyIterator.hasNext()) {
Character key = keyIterator.next();
if (key == null) {
words.add(convertToString(this.character));
} else {
WordNode node = childrenMap.get(key);
List<String> childWords = node.subWordsImpl();
for (String childWord : childWords) {
words.add(convertToString(this.character) + childWord);
}
}
}
return words;
}
public void addChild(WordNode child) {
child.parent = this;
childrenMap.put(child.getCharacter(), child);
}
public Character getCharacter() {
return character;
}
public WordNode getParent() {
return parent;
}
public Map<Character, WordNode> getChildrenMap() {
return childrenMap;
}
private String convertToString(Character character) {
return (character == null) ? "" : String.valueOf(character);
}
private String getPrefix() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
WordNode parentNode = this.parent;
while (parentNode != null) {
if (parentNode.getCharacter() != null) {
sb.append(parentNode.getCharacter());
}
parentNode = parentNode.parent;
}
return sb.reverse().toString();
}
}
Find all Concatenate Numbers - Unsorted
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Question:Given a list of positive numbers, you can concatenate them into one number in any order, how to print all unique possible numbers? In this question, the order of the result is not important.For example, for input 1, 2, 3, the output would be a list of 6 integers: 123, 132, 213, 231, 312, 321.Answer:This is a classical dynamic programming problems, we can divide the integer list to two parts, a0, and [a, .., an-1], so if we know the result of the sub list[a, .., an-1], we can compute result of the whole integer list.Take example, for 1, 23, 45. First, we compute the sub-result of 23, 45, the result would be [[23, 45], [45, 23]], then for each member of the sub-result, we add 1 to all possible positions. First we add 1 to all possible positions of [23, 45], we will get three integer list, [[1, 23, 45], [23, 1, 45], [23, 45, 1]], then we add 1 to add 1 to all possible positions of [45, 23], the result would be [1, 45, 23], [45, 1, 23], [45, 23, 1]. So the all possible concatenate numbers of 1, 23, 45 would be 12345, 23145, 23451, 14523, 45123, 45231.Code:
The complete algorithm/test code and also many other algorithm problems and solutions are available from https://github.com/programmer-plus.
The complete algorithm/test code and also many other algorithm problems and solutions are available from https://github.com/programmer-plus.
package org.codeexample.concatNumber;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashSet;import java.util.LinkedHashSet;import java.util.LinkedList;import java.util.List;import org.codeexample.common.OverflowException;import org.codeexample.common.Utils;public class AllConcatNumberUnsorted { /** * This method would concatenate each integer value of the list in any * order. * * @param la, * a list of positive integer numbers * @return all unique concatenate integer numbers from the list * @throws IllegalArgumentException, * if the parameter list contains negative value. * @throws OverflowException, * it one possible concatenate integer number is greater than * Integer.MAX_VALUE */ public static List<Integer> concatNumbersUnsored( List<Integer> la) throws IllegalArgumentException, OverflowException { HashSet<List<Integer>> permutations = concatNumbersUnSortedImpl( la, 0); List<Integer> results = new ArrayList<Integer>(); for (List<Integer> intList : permutations) { int result = 0; for (int tmpInt : intList) { result = Utils.concat(result, tmpInt); } results.add(result); } return results; } private static HashSet<List<Integer>> concatNumbersUnSortedImpl( List<Integer> la, int level) { HashSet<List<Integer>> permutations = new LinkedHashSet<List<Integer>>(); // base case if (level == la.size() - 1) { if (la.get(level) < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Invalid number: " + la.get(level)); List<Integer> result = new LinkedList<Integer>(); result.add(la.get(level)); permutations .add(new LinkedList<Integer>(result)); return permutations; } int head = la.get(level); if (head < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Invalid number: " + head); HashSet<List<Integer>> subPermutations = concatNumbersUnSortedImpl( la, ++level); for (List<Integer> tmpList : subPermutations) { // add head to all possible n+1 positions for (int i = 0; i <= tmpList.size(); i++) { List<Integer> tmp = new LinkedList<Integer>( tmpList); tmp.add(i, head); permutations.add(tmp); } } return permutations; }}
Find all Concatenate Numbers - Sorted
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In previous post, the returned results are unsorted, what we should do if we want to return these concatenate numbers in ascending order?
Question:Given a unsorted list of positive numbers, you can concatenate them into one number in any order, how to print all unique possible numbers in ascending order? For example, for input 2, 3, 1(or whatever order), the output would be always a sorted list of 6 integers: 123, 132, 213, 231, 312, 321.
Answer:The main logic would still be same as the previous post. The main difference is how to ensure the returned concatenate numbers are sorted in ascending order?
One obvious way is that we sort the returned result, but this would take more time, the length of the result would be n!, so the time complexity would be O(n!log(n!)). This is undesired.
First we sort the parameter list in ascending order, then we assume the sub-result of a[1] to a[n-1] is sorted ascending order. When we add a[0] to all possible positions of previous sub result, what we need do to make the new list still sorted?
Take instance, for input, 3, 2, 1, first we sort them to 1, 2, 3, and assume the sub result of 2, 3 is sorted: [2,3], [3,2].Now when add 1 to the zero index of [2,3], [3, 2], and we get [1,2,3], [1,3,2].Now we loop each element, for each element, we add 1 to the possible positions from 1 to 2(length of the each element), so we get [2, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1], and [3, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1].
Code:
The complete algorithm/test code and also many other algorithm problems and solutions are available from https://github.com/programmer-plus.
Question:Given a unsorted list of positive numbers, you can concatenate them into one number in any order, how to print all unique possible numbers in ascending order? For example, for input 2, 3, 1(or whatever order), the output would be always a sorted list of 6 integers: 123, 132, 213, 231, 312, 321.
Answer:The main logic would still be same as the previous post. The main difference is how to ensure the returned concatenate numbers are sorted in ascending order?
One obvious way is that we sort the returned result, but this would take more time, the length of the result would be n!, so the time complexity would be O(n!log(n!)). This is undesired.
First we sort the parameter list in ascending order, then we assume the sub-result of a[1] to a[n-1] is sorted ascending order. When we add a[0] to all possible positions of previous sub result, what we need do to make the new list still sorted?
Take instance, for input, 3, 2, 1, first we sort them to 1, 2, 3, and assume the sub result of 2, 3 is sorted: [2,3], [3,2].Now when add 1 to the zero index of [2,3], [3, 2], and we get [1,2,3], [1,3,2].Now we loop each element, for each element, we add 1 to the possible positions from 1 to 2(length of the each element), so we get [2, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1], and [3, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1].
Code:
The complete algorithm/test code and also many other algorithm problems and solutions are available from https://github.com/programmer-plus.
package org.codeexample.concatNumber;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Collections;import java.util.LinkedHashSet;import java.util.LinkedList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Set;import org.codeexample.common.OverflowException;import org.codeexample.common.Utils;public class AllConcatNumberSorted { /** * This method would concatenate each integer value of the list in ascending * order. * * @param la, * a list of positive integer numbers * @return all unique concatenate integer numbers from the list in ascending * order. * @throws IllegalArgumentException, * if the parameter list contains negative value. * @throws OverflowException, * it one possible concatenate integer number is greater than * Integer.MAX_VALUE */ public static List<Integer< concatNumbersSored( List<Integer< la) throws IllegalArgumentException, OverflowException { Collections.sort(la); Set<List<Integer<< permutations = concatNumbersSortedImpl( la, 0); List<Integer< results = new ArrayList<Integer<(); for (List<Integer< intList : permutations) { int result = 0; for (int tmpInt : intList) { result = Utils.concat(result, tmpInt); } results.add(result); } return results; } private static Set<List<Integer<< concatNumbersSortedImpl( List<Integer< la, int level) { // use linked hash set to keep the inserted order. Set<List<Integer<< permutations = new LinkedHashSet<List<Integer<<(); // base case if (level == la.size() - 1) { if (la.get(level) < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Invalid number: " + la.get(level)); List<Integer< result = new LinkedList<Integer<(); result.add(la.get(level)); permutations .add(new LinkedList<Integer<(result)); return permutations; } int head = la.get(level); if (head < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Invalid number: " + head); Set<List<Integer<< subPermutations = concatNumbersSortedImpl( la, ++level); // first insert head to the first position of the sub result for (List<Integer< tmpList : subPermutations) { List<Integer< tmp = new LinkedList<Integer<( tmpList); tmp.add(0, head); permutations.add(tmp); } for (List<Integer< tmpList : subPermutations) { // add head to other possible n positions for (int i = 1; i <= tmpList.size(); i++) { List<Integer< tmp = new LinkedList<Integer<( tmpList); tmp.add(i, head); permutations.add(tmp); } } return permutations; }}
8 Temmuz 2012 Pazar
The Purpose of Baha'u'llah
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Unto the emblems of justice and the exponents of equity it is indubitably clear and evident that this Wronged One, strengthened by the transcendent power of the Kingdom, is seeking to efface from among the peoples and kindreds of the earth every evidence of disorder, discord, dissension, differences or divisions; and it is for no other reason but this great, this momentous object that He hath again and again been cast into prison and many a day and a night hath been subjected to chains and fetters. Blessed are they that judge this impregnable Cause, this glorious Announcement, with fairness and equity.
(Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 260)
O King of Paris! [Napoleon III] Tell the priests to ring the bells no longer. By God, the True One! The Most Mighty Bell hath appeared in the form of Him Who is the Most Great Name, and the fingers of the Will of Thy Lord, the Most Exalted, the Most High, toll it out in the heaven of Immortality in His name, the All-Glorious. Thus have the mighty verses of Thy Lord been again sent down unto thee, that thou mayest arise to remember God, the Creator of earth and heaven, in these days when all the tribes of the earth have mourned, and the foundations of the cities have trembled, and the dust of irreligion hath enwrapped all men, except such as God, the All-Knowing, the All-Wise, was pleased to spare. Say: He Who is the Unconstrained is come, in the clouds of light, that He may quicken the world with the breezes of His name, the Most Merciful, and unify its peoples, and gather all men around this Table which hath been sent down from heaven.
(Baha'u'llah, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.131 p. 67)
The purpose of the one true God in manifesting Himself is to summon all mankind to truthfulness and sincerity, to piety and trustworthiness, to resignation and submissiveness to the Will of God, to forbearance and kindliness, to uprightness and wisdom. His object is to array every man with the mantle of a saintly character, and to adorn him with the ornament of holy and goodly deeds.
(Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh CXXXVII, p. 299)
The Baha'i Womens Group of Lumumbashi, Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo, in 1997
Copyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community
Used with permission
This Wronged One, rid of all attachment to the world, hath striven with utmost endeavour to quench the fire of animosity and hatred which burneth fiercely in the hearts of the peoples of the earth.
(Tablet of Tarazat (Ornaments), Tablets of Baha'u'llah p. 44)
Thou didst bring mankind into being to know Thee and to serve Thy Cause, that their station might thereby be elevated upon Thine earth and their souls be uplifted by virtue of the things Thou hast revealed in Thy Scriptures, Thy Books and Thy Tablets.
(Baha'u'llah, Tablet of Ishraqat, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 111)
That which hath been set forth and will be revealed in the future is but a token of this Servant's ardent desire to dedicate Himself to the service of all the kindreds of the earth.
(Tablet of Maqsud, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 171)
Unto that immeasurably exalted Being Who seeketh naught but to foster the spirit of love and fellowship amongst men, and to revive the world and ennoble its life, they have imputed such charges as the tongue and the pen are ashamed to recount.
(Baha'u'llah, Tablet of Maqsud, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 174)
The Tongan Baha'i Lakalala Dance Group at the 2004 jubilee celebrations
Copyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community
Used with permission
The Divine Messengers have been sent down, and their Books were revealed, for the purpose of promoting the knowledge of God, and of furthering unity and fellowship amongst men. (Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 12)
We, verily, have come to unite and weld together all that dwell on earth. (Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 24)
Mine aim hath ever been, and still is, to suppress whatever is the cause of contention amidst the peoples of the earth, and of separation amongst the nations, so that all men may be sanctified from every earthly attachment, and be set free to occupy themselves with their own interests.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 33)
. . . it is Our purpose, through the loving providence of God -- exalted be His glory -- and His surpassing mercy, to abolish, through the force of Our utterance, all disputes, war, and bloodshed, from the face of the earth.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 33)
The betterment of the world hath been the sole aim of this Wronged One.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 36)
Addressing Himself unto the kings and rulers of the earth -- may God, exalted be He, assist them -- He imparted unto them that which is the cause of the well-being, the unity, the harmony, and the reconstruction of the world, and of the tranquillity of the nations.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 44)
Confer with them, and show them what hath flowed out of the Pen of Glory, that haply they may be graciously aided to better the condition of the world, and improve the character of peoples of different nations, and may, through the living waters of God's counsels, quench the hatred and the animosity which lie hid and smolder in the hearts of men. We pray God that thou mayest be assisted therein. And this, verily, would not be hard for Him.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 59)
. . . that He may quicken the world and unite its peoples
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 63)
This Wronged One, in the daytime and in the night-season, occupied Himself with that which would edify the souls of men, until the light of knowledge prevailed over the darkness of ignorance.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 71)
This people need no weapons of destruction, inasmuch as they have girded themselves to reconstruct the world.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 74)
that the souls of men may be edified, and the Word of God be exalted.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 76-77)
Night and day hath this Wronged One been occupied in that which would unite the hearts, and edify the souls of men.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 88)
He hath sent forth His Messengers, and sent down His Books, that they may announce unto His creatures the Straight Path.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 98)
...that thine eye might be cheered, and thy soul be well-assured.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 103)
Their concern hath ever been and now is for the betterment of the world. Their purpose is to obliterate differences, and quench the flame of hatred and enmity, so that the whole earth may come to be viewed as one country.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 123)
this Wronged One hath, at all times, been cleaving fast unto whatever would be conducive to the glory of both the government and the people.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 124)
Our purpose is that all men may cleave unto that which will reduce unnecessary labor and exertion, so that their days may be befittingly spent and ended.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 138)
The eyes of this Wronged One are turned towards naught save trustworthiness, truthfulness, purity, and all that profiteth men.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 138)
. . . so that He may infuse life eternal into the mortal frames of men, impart to the temples of dust the essence of the Holy Spirit and the heavenly Light, and draw the transient world, through the potency of a single word, unto the Everlasting Kingdom.
(Baha'u'llah, Compilation on Trustworthiness; The Compilation of Compilations Volume II, p. 337, #2050)
Briefly, in every instance He hath stated that which is conducive to the conversion, the advancement, the exaltation, and the guidance of men.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 155)
God is My witness that this Wronged One hath had no purpose except to convey the Word of God.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 161)
A Baha'i children's class in Yarmag, Ulaanbatar, Mongolia, 2005
Copyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community
Used with permission
We had no other purpose except to edify the souls of men, and to exalt the blessed Word.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 166)
Say: He Who is the Unconstrained is come, in the clouds of light, that He may quicken the world with the breezes of His name, the Most Merciful, and unify its peoples, and gather all men around this Table which hath been sent down from heaven.
(Bahá'u'lláh addressing Napoleon III, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.131, pp. 67-68)
Consider these days in which He Who is the Ancient Beauty hath come in the Most Great Name, that He may quicken the world and unite its peoples.
(Bahá'u'lláh addressing Queen Victoria, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.177, p. 92)
O ye rulers of the earth! Wherefore have ye clouded the radiance of the Sun, and caused it to cease from shining? Hearken unto the counsel given you by the Pen of the Most High, that haply both ye and the poor may attain unto tranquillity and peace. We beseech God to assist the kings of the earth to establish peace on earth. He, verily, doth what He willeth.
(Bahá'u'lláh addressing the rulers of the earth, in the Tablet to Queen Victoria, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, p. 93)
They that surround thee love thee for their own sakes, whereas this Youth loveth thee for thine own sake, and hath had no desire except to draw thee nigh unto the seat of grace, and to turn thee toward the right hand of justice.
(Baha'u'llah addressing Násiri’d-DÃn Sháh, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.194, p. 99)
. . . this Servant hath had no end in view but to promote the betterment and well-being of the world.
(Bahá'u'lláh addressing Násiri’d-DÃn Sháh, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.209, p. 108)
This Youth hath come to quicken the world and unite all its peoples. The day is approaching when that which God hath purposed will have prevailed and thou shalt behold the earth transformed into the all-glorious paradise. Thus hath it been inscribed by the Pen of Revelation upon this weighty Tablet.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Súriy-i-Ra’Ãs, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 2.8, p. 144)
Say: Even should ye tear our bodies asunder, ye could not banish from our hearts the love of God. We were of a truth created for sacrifice, and in this do we take pride before all creation.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Súriy-i-Ra’Ãs, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 2.27, p. 151)
I confess that Thou hast no desire except the regeneration of the whole world, and the establishment of the unity of its peoples, and the salvation of all them that dwell therein.
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah CXV, p. 243)
If any man were to meditate on that which the Scriptures, sent down from the heaven of God's holy Will, have revealed, he would readily recognize that their purpose is that all men shall be regarded as one soul, so that the seal bearing the words "The Kingdom shall be God's" may be stamped on every heart, and the light of Divine bounty, of grace, and mercy may envelop all mankind. The one true God, exalted be His glory, hath wished nothing for Himself. The allegiance of mankind profiteth Him not, neither doth its perversity harm Him. The Bird of the Realm of Utterance voiceth continually this call: "All things have I willed for thee, and thee, too, for thine own sake." If the learned and worldly-wise men of this age were to allow mankind to inhale the fragrance of fellowship and love, every understanding heart would apprehend the meaning of true liberty, and discover the secret of undisturbed peace and absolute composure. Were the earth to attain this station and be illumined with its light it could then be truly said of it: "Thou shall see in it no hollows or rising hills."
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah CXXII, p. 260)
The Day Star of Truth that shineth in its meridian splendor beareth Us witness! They who are the people of God have no ambition except to revive the world, to ennoble its life, and regenerate its peoples.
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah CXXVI, pp. 270-271)
O thou that hast fled thy home and sought the presence of God! Proclaim unto men the Message of thy Lord, that it may haply deter them from following the promptings of their evil and corrupt desires, and bring them to the remembrance of God, the Most Exalted, the Most Great.
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah CXXVIII, p. 276)
My object is none other than the betterment of the world and the tranquillity of its peoples.
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah CXXXI, p. 286)
A study group at the Barli Development Institute for Rural Women in Indore, India
Copyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community
Used with permission
The Purpose of the one true God, exalted be His glory, in revealing Himself unto men is to lay bare those gems that lie hidden within the mine of their true and inmost selves.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh CXXXII, p. 287)
Say: We have accepted to be tried by ills and troubles, that ye may sanctify yourselves from all earthly defilements. Why, then, refuse ye to ponder Our purpose in your hearts? By the righteousness of God! Whoso will reflect upon the tribulations We have suffered, his soul will assuredly melt away with sorrow. Thy Lord Himself beareth witness to the truth of My words. We have sustained the weight of all calamities to sanctify you from all earthly corruption, and ye are yet indifferent.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh CXLI, p. 306)
He Who is the Eternal Truth hath, from the Day Spring of Glory, directed His eyes towards the people of Baha, and is addressing them in these words: "Address yourselves to the promotion of the well-being and tranquillity of the children of men. Bend your minds and wills to the education of the peoples and kindreds of the earth, that haply the dissensions that divide it may, through the power of the Most Great Name, be blotted out from its face, and all mankind become the upholders of one Order, and the inhabitants of one City.”
(Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh CLVI, p. 333-334)
O ye children of men! The fundamental purpose animating the Faith of God and His Religion is to safeguard the interests and promote the unity of the human race, and to foster the spirit of love and fellowship amongst men.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Tabernacle of Unity, paragraph 2.34, p. 38)
In this way the primary purpose in revealing the Divine Law -- which is to bring about happiness in the after life and civilization and the refinement of character in this -- will be realized.
(Abdu'l-Bahá, The Secret of Divine Civilization, p. 46)
Say: Take heed lest your devotions withhold you from Him Who is the object of all devotion, or your worship debar you from Him Who is the object of all worship. Rend asunder the veils of your idle fancies! This is your Lord, the Almighty, the All-Knowing, Who hath come to quicken the world and unite all who dwell on earth.
(Baha'u'llah addressing the Christian clergy, Tablet to Pope Pius IX, The Surih of the Temple, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.109, p. 58)
We, too, have revealed the Cause of God in His cities and raised aloft His remembrance amidst them that truly believe in Him. Say: This Youth hath come to quicken the world and unite all its peoples.
(Baha'u'llah, Súriy-i-Ra’Ãs, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 2.8, p. 144)
We have accepted to be tried by ills and troubles, that ye may sanctify yourselves from all earthly defilements. Why, then, refuse ye to ponder Our purpose in your hearts? By the righteousness of God! Whoso will reflect upon the tribulations We have suffered, his soul will assuredly melt away with sorrow. Thy Lord Himself beareth witness to the truth of My words. We have sustained the weight of all calamities to sanctify you from all earthly corruption
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, Section CXLI, p. 307)
We had no other purpose except to edify the souls of men, and to exalt the blessed Word.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 166)
Thou didst bring mankind into being to know Thee and to serve Thy Cause, that their station might thereby be elevated upon Thine earth and their souls be uplifted by virtue of the things Thou hast revealed in Thy Scriptures, Thy Books and Thy Tablets.
(Tablet of Splendours, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 111)
. . . so that the souls of Thy creatures may be drawn towards Thee, that they may forsake themselves and turn unto Thee, and may flee from their misery and seek the tabernacle of Thy riches, and may haste away from their wretchedness into the court of Thy majesty and glory.
(Prayers and Meditations by Baha'u'llah XCI, p. 153)
A group of women who have been studying together
Copyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community
Used with permission
The aim of this Wronged One in sustaining woes and tribulations, in revealing the Holy Verses and in demonstrating proofs hath been naught but to quench the flame of hate and enmity, that the horizon of the hearts of men may be illumined with the light of concord and attain real peace and tranquillity.(The Book of the Covenant, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 219)
Unto the emblems of justice and the exponents of equity it is indubitably clear and evident that this Wronged One, strengthened by the transcendent power of the Kingdom, is seeking to efface from among the peoples and kindreds of the earth every evidence of disorder, discord, dissension, differences or divisions; and it is for no other reason but this great, this momentous object that He hath again and again been cast into prison and many a day and a night hath been subjected to chains and fetters. Blessed are they that judge this impregnable Cause, this glorious Announcement, with fairness and equity.
(Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 260)
O King of Paris! [Napoleon III] Tell the priests to ring the bells no longer. By God, the True One! The Most Mighty Bell hath appeared in the form of Him Who is the Most Great Name, and the fingers of the Will of Thy Lord, the Most Exalted, the Most High, toll it out in the heaven of Immortality in His name, the All-Glorious. Thus have the mighty verses of Thy Lord been again sent down unto thee, that thou mayest arise to remember God, the Creator of earth and heaven, in these days when all the tribes of the earth have mourned, and the foundations of the cities have trembled, and the dust of irreligion hath enwrapped all men, except such as God, the All-Knowing, the All-Wise, was pleased to spare. Say: He Who is the Unconstrained is come, in the clouds of light, that He may quicken the world with the breezes of His name, the Most Merciful, and unify its peoples, and gather all men around this Table which hath been sent down from heaven.
(Baha'u'llah, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.131 p. 67)
The purpose of the one true God in manifesting Himself is to summon all mankind to truthfulness and sincerity, to piety and trustworthiness, to resignation and submissiveness to the Will of God, to forbearance and kindliness, to uprightness and wisdom. His object is to array every man with the mantle of a saintly character, and to adorn him with the ornament of holy and goodly deeds.
(Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh CXXXVII, p. 299)
The Baha'i Womens Group of Lumumbashi, Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo, in 1997Copyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community
Used with permission
This Wronged One, rid of all attachment to the world, hath striven with utmost endeavour to quench the fire of animosity and hatred which burneth fiercely in the hearts of the peoples of the earth.
(Tablet of Tarazat (Ornaments), Tablets of Baha'u'llah p. 44)
Thou didst bring mankind into being to know Thee and to serve Thy Cause, that their station might thereby be elevated upon Thine earth and their souls be uplifted by virtue of the things Thou hast revealed in Thy Scriptures, Thy Books and Thy Tablets.
(Baha'u'llah, Tablet of Ishraqat, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 111)
That which hath been set forth and will be revealed in the future is but a token of this Servant's ardent desire to dedicate Himself to the service of all the kindreds of the earth.
(Tablet of Maqsud, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 171)
Unto that immeasurably exalted Being Who seeketh naught but to foster the spirit of love and fellowship amongst men, and to revive the world and ennoble its life, they have imputed such charges as the tongue and the pen are ashamed to recount.
(Baha'u'llah, Tablet of Maqsud, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 174)
The Tongan Baha'i Lakalala Dance Group at the 2004 jubilee celebrationsCopyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community
Used with permission
The Divine Messengers have been sent down, and their Books were revealed, for the purpose of promoting the knowledge of God, and of furthering unity and fellowship amongst men. (Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 12)
We, verily, have come to unite and weld together all that dwell on earth. (Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 24)
Mine aim hath ever been, and still is, to suppress whatever is the cause of contention amidst the peoples of the earth, and of separation amongst the nations, so that all men may be sanctified from every earthly attachment, and be set free to occupy themselves with their own interests.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 33)
. . . it is Our purpose, through the loving providence of God -- exalted be His glory -- and His surpassing mercy, to abolish, through the force of Our utterance, all disputes, war, and bloodshed, from the face of the earth.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 33)
The betterment of the world hath been the sole aim of this Wronged One.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 36)
Addressing Himself unto the kings and rulers of the earth -- may God, exalted be He, assist them -- He imparted unto them that which is the cause of the well-being, the unity, the harmony, and the reconstruction of the world, and of the tranquillity of the nations.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 44)
Confer with them, and show them what hath flowed out of the Pen of Glory, that haply they may be graciously aided to better the condition of the world, and improve the character of peoples of different nations, and may, through the living waters of God's counsels, quench the hatred and the animosity which lie hid and smolder in the hearts of men. We pray God that thou mayest be assisted therein. And this, verily, would not be hard for Him.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 59)
. . . that He may quicken the world and unite its peoples
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 63)
This Wronged One, in the daytime and in the night-season, occupied Himself with that which would edify the souls of men, until the light of knowledge prevailed over the darkness of ignorance.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 71)
This people need no weapons of destruction, inasmuch as they have girded themselves to reconstruct the world.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 74)
that the souls of men may be edified, and the Word of God be exalted.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 76-77)
Night and day hath this Wronged One been occupied in that which would unite the hearts, and edify the souls of men.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 88)
He hath sent forth His Messengers, and sent down His Books, that they may announce unto His creatures the Straight Path.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 98)
...that thine eye might be cheered, and thy soul be well-assured.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 103)
Their concern hath ever been and now is for the betterment of the world. Their purpose is to obliterate differences, and quench the flame of hatred and enmity, so that the whole earth may come to be viewed as one country.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 123)
this Wronged One hath, at all times, been cleaving fast unto whatever would be conducive to the glory of both the government and the people.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 124)
Our purpose is that all men may cleave unto that which will reduce unnecessary labor and exertion, so that their days may be befittingly spent and ended.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 138)
The eyes of this Wronged One are turned towards naught save trustworthiness, truthfulness, purity, and all that profiteth men.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 138)
. . . so that He may infuse life eternal into the mortal frames of men, impart to the temples of dust the essence of the Holy Spirit and the heavenly Light, and draw the transient world, through the potency of a single word, unto the Everlasting Kingdom.
(Baha'u'llah, Compilation on Trustworthiness; The Compilation of Compilations Volume II, p. 337, #2050)
Briefly, in every instance He hath stated that which is conducive to the conversion, the advancement, the exaltation, and the guidance of men.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 155)
God is My witness that this Wronged One hath had no purpose except to convey the Word of God.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 161)
A Baha'i children's class in Yarmag, Ulaanbatar, Mongolia, 2005Copyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community
Used with permission
We had no other purpose except to edify the souls of men, and to exalt the blessed Word.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 166)
Say: He Who is the Unconstrained is come, in the clouds of light, that He may quicken the world with the breezes of His name, the Most Merciful, and unify its peoples, and gather all men around this Table which hath been sent down from heaven.
(Bahá'u'lláh addressing Napoleon III, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.131, pp. 67-68)
Consider these days in which He Who is the Ancient Beauty hath come in the Most Great Name, that He may quicken the world and unite its peoples.
(Bahá'u'lláh addressing Queen Victoria, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.177, p. 92)
O ye rulers of the earth! Wherefore have ye clouded the radiance of the Sun, and caused it to cease from shining? Hearken unto the counsel given you by the Pen of the Most High, that haply both ye and the poor may attain unto tranquillity and peace. We beseech God to assist the kings of the earth to establish peace on earth. He, verily, doth what He willeth.
(Bahá'u'lláh addressing the rulers of the earth, in the Tablet to Queen Victoria, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, p. 93)
They that surround thee love thee for their own sakes, whereas this Youth loveth thee for thine own sake, and hath had no desire except to draw thee nigh unto the seat of grace, and to turn thee toward the right hand of justice.
(Baha'u'llah addressing Násiri’d-DÃn Sháh, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.194, p. 99)
. . . this Servant hath had no end in view but to promote the betterment and well-being of the world.
(Bahá'u'lláh addressing Násiri’d-DÃn Sháh, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.209, p. 108)
This Youth hath come to quicken the world and unite all its peoples. The day is approaching when that which God hath purposed will have prevailed and thou shalt behold the earth transformed into the all-glorious paradise. Thus hath it been inscribed by the Pen of Revelation upon this weighty Tablet.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Súriy-i-Ra’Ãs, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 2.8, p. 144)
Say: Even should ye tear our bodies asunder, ye could not banish from our hearts the love of God. We were of a truth created for sacrifice, and in this do we take pride before all creation.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Súriy-i-Ra’Ãs, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 2.27, p. 151)
I confess that Thou hast no desire except the regeneration of the whole world, and the establishment of the unity of its peoples, and the salvation of all them that dwell therein.
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah CXV, p. 243)
If any man were to meditate on that which the Scriptures, sent down from the heaven of God's holy Will, have revealed, he would readily recognize that their purpose is that all men shall be regarded as one soul, so that the seal bearing the words "The Kingdom shall be God's" may be stamped on every heart, and the light of Divine bounty, of grace, and mercy may envelop all mankind. The one true God, exalted be His glory, hath wished nothing for Himself. The allegiance of mankind profiteth Him not, neither doth its perversity harm Him. The Bird of the Realm of Utterance voiceth continually this call: "All things have I willed for thee, and thee, too, for thine own sake." If the learned and worldly-wise men of this age were to allow mankind to inhale the fragrance of fellowship and love, every understanding heart would apprehend the meaning of true liberty, and discover the secret of undisturbed peace and absolute composure. Were the earth to attain this station and be illumined with its light it could then be truly said of it: "Thou shall see in it no hollows or rising hills."
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah CXXII, p. 260)
The Day Star of Truth that shineth in its meridian splendor beareth Us witness! They who are the people of God have no ambition except to revive the world, to ennoble its life, and regenerate its peoples.
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah CXXVI, pp. 270-271)
O thou that hast fled thy home and sought the presence of God! Proclaim unto men the Message of thy Lord, that it may haply deter them from following the promptings of their evil and corrupt desires, and bring them to the remembrance of God, the Most Exalted, the Most Great.
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah CXXVIII, p. 276)
My object is none other than the betterment of the world and the tranquillity of its peoples.
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah CXXXI, p. 286)
A study group at the Barli Development Institute for Rural Women in Indore, IndiaCopyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community
Used with permission
The Purpose of the one true God, exalted be His glory, in revealing Himself unto men is to lay bare those gems that lie hidden within the mine of their true and inmost selves.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh CXXXII, p. 287)
Say: We have accepted to be tried by ills and troubles, that ye may sanctify yourselves from all earthly defilements. Why, then, refuse ye to ponder Our purpose in your hearts? By the righteousness of God! Whoso will reflect upon the tribulations We have suffered, his soul will assuredly melt away with sorrow. Thy Lord Himself beareth witness to the truth of My words. We have sustained the weight of all calamities to sanctify you from all earthly corruption, and ye are yet indifferent.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh CXLI, p. 306)
He Who is the Eternal Truth hath, from the Day Spring of Glory, directed His eyes towards the people of Baha, and is addressing them in these words: "Address yourselves to the promotion of the well-being and tranquillity of the children of men. Bend your minds and wills to the education of the peoples and kindreds of the earth, that haply the dissensions that divide it may, through the power of the Most Great Name, be blotted out from its face, and all mankind become the upholders of one Order, and the inhabitants of one City.”
(Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh CLVI, p. 333-334)
O ye children of men! The fundamental purpose animating the Faith of God and His Religion is to safeguard the interests and promote the unity of the human race, and to foster the spirit of love and fellowship amongst men.
(Bahá'u'lláh, Tabernacle of Unity, paragraph 2.34, p. 38)
In this way the primary purpose in revealing the Divine Law -- which is to bring about happiness in the after life and civilization and the refinement of character in this -- will be realized.
(Abdu'l-Bahá, The Secret of Divine Civilization, p. 46)
Say: Take heed lest your devotions withhold you from Him Who is the object of all devotion, or your worship debar you from Him Who is the object of all worship. Rend asunder the veils of your idle fancies! This is your Lord, the Almighty, the All-Knowing, Who hath come to quicken the world and unite all who dwell on earth.
(Baha'u'llah addressing the Christian clergy, Tablet to Pope Pius IX, The Surih of the Temple, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.109, p. 58)
We, too, have revealed the Cause of God in His cities and raised aloft His remembrance amidst them that truly believe in Him. Say: This Youth hath come to quicken the world and unite all its peoples.
(Baha'u'llah, Súriy-i-Ra’Ãs, The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 2.8, p. 144)
We have accepted to be tried by ills and troubles, that ye may sanctify yourselves from all earthly defilements. Why, then, refuse ye to ponder Our purpose in your hearts? By the righteousness of God! Whoso will reflect upon the tribulations We have suffered, his soul will assuredly melt away with sorrow. Thy Lord Himself beareth witness to the truth of My words. We have sustained the weight of all calamities to sanctify you from all earthly corruption
(Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, Section CXLI, p. 307)
We had no other purpose except to edify the souls of men, and to exalt the blessed Word.
(Baha'u'llah, Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 166)
Thou didst bring mankind into being to know Thee and to serve Thy Cause, that their station might thereby be elevated upon Thine earth and their souls be uplifted by virtue of the things Thou hast revealed in Thy Scriptures, Thy Books and Thy Tablets.
(Tablet of Splendours, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 111)
. . . so that the souls of Thy creatures may be drawn towards Thee, that they may forsake themselves and turn unto Thee, and may flee from their misery and seek the tabernacle of Thy riches, and may haste away from their wretchedness into the court of Thy majesty and glory.
(Prayers and Meditations by Baha'u'llah XCI, p. 153)
A group of women who have been studying togetherCopyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community
Used with permission
The aim of this Wronged One in sustaining woes and tribulations, in revealing the Holy Verses and in demonstrating proofs hath been naught but to quench the flame of hate and enmity, that the horizon of the hearts of men may be illumined with the light of concord and attain real peace and tranquillity.(The Book of the Covenant, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 219)
An Encouraging Letter from Shoghi Effendi to the Baha'is of California
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When the Baha'is went on Pilgrimage to the Holy Land they often brought gifts with them for the family of Abdu'l-Baha. Abdu'l-Baha did not permit the family to keep most of these gifts-- sometimes clothing, jewels, home furnishings. One gift He did accept was brought by William Randall -- the gift of a portable typewriter. And with this typewriter, Shoghi Effendi typed out his translations of the correspondence addressed by the Master to the Baha'is of the West. Here is a photograph of Shoghi Effendi which I believe was taken during the last years of Abdu'l-Baha's life, probably just prior to Shoghi Effendi attending graduate school at Balliol College in England, perhaps around 1919:
Shoghi Effendi at his portable typewriterCopyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, WilmetteUsed with permission - Please click for larger image
Here is a close-up of Shoghi Effendi, probably taken around the same time, in the years immediately before he became Guardian of the Baha'i Faith
Shoghi Effendi as a young manCopyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, WilmetteUsed with permission
It was on this typewriter that Shoghi Effendi wrote all of his letters to the Baha'is of the West. All of the lengthy letters in "Baha'i Administration" and "Citadel of Faith," all of the manuscripts of his translations of the writings of Baha'u'llah -- the Gleanings, the Book of Certitude, Prayers and Meditations, as well as his manuscripts of "The Dawn-Breakers" and "God Passes By" -- all were produced on this typewriter. When he sent the manuscript of Baha'u'llah's Book of Certitude to the United States, he wrote:
Unable to find a good typist, I have had to do the work myself, and I trust that the proofreaders will find it easy to go over and will not mind the type errors which I have tried to correct. I would especially urge you to adhere to the transliteration which I have adopted. The correct title is, I feel, 'The Kitab-i-Iqan' the sub-title 'The Book of Certitude.' May it help the friends to approach a step further, and obtain a clearer idea of the fundamental teachings set forth by Baha'u'llah.(Shoghi Effendi, postscript to a letter published in Baha'i News #46, November 1930, p. 2)
Amatu'l-Baha Ruhiyyih Khanum, his wife, writes,
"He typed, on a very small portable machine, by the two-finger method, all his own manuscripts..." (The Priceless Pearl, p. 201)How many hundreds of hours Shoghi Effendi spent on reading his sources and compiling his notes, how many days and months in painstakingly writing out in long hand - and often rewriting - the majestic procession of his chapters, how many more wearisome days he sat at his small portable typewriter, hammering away with a few fingers, sometimes ten hours on end, as he typed the final copy of his work! And how many more hours we spent late into the night, when the daily typing was over, seated side by side at his big table in his bedroom, each with three copies of the typescript before us, proof-reading, making corrections, putting in by hand the thousands of accents on transliterated words which Shoghi Effendi would read aloud, until his eyes were bloodshot and blurred, his back and arms stiff with exhaustion, as we worked on to finish the entire chapter or part of a chapter he had typed that day. It had to be done. There was no possibility of working at a slower pace. he was racing against time to present the Bahá'Ãs of the West with this inimitable gift on the occasion of the one hundredth anniversary of the inception of their Faith. (The Priceless Pearl, p. 223)
"God Passes By" is really the only book Shoghi Effendi wrote; everything else was in the form of letters. Anyone who reads this magnificent book Shoghi Effendi labored so hard to give to us, will become much more aware of the grandeur of the Baha'i Faith, and more deeply familiar with its teachings.
Several times, Shoghi Effendi needed to retire to Switzerland, where he fought his spiritual battles, and prepared himself for his unimaginably demanding labors as Guardian of the Baha'i Faith. Following his return in November, 1923 he wrote to the Baha'is:
Upon my return, after a forced and prolonged absence, to the Holy Land, it is my first and most ardent wish to renew and strengthen those ties of brotherly love and fellowship that bind our hearts together in our common servitude to His sacred Threshold.
A few weeks later he wrote the following beautiful letter to the Baha'is in California, which he prepared on this same typewriter. It is a model of encouragement and leadership. In 1997 a copy of this letter was sent to all of the Baha'is in California, on the occasion of the establishment of the Regional Baha'i Council of the Western States. It is well worth reading and re-reading for the guidance and encouragement it provides.
When the Baha'is went on Pilgrimage to the Holy Land they often brought gifts with them for the family of Abdu'l-Baha. Abdu'l-Baha did not permit the family to keep most of these gifts-- sometimes clothing, jewels, home furnishings. One gift He did accept was brought by William Randall -- the gift of a portable typewriter. And with this typewriter, Shoghi Effendi typed out his translations of the correspondence addressed by the Master to the Baha'is of the West. Here is a photograph of Shoghi Effendi which I believe was taken during the last years of Abdu'l-Baha's life, probably just prior to Shoghi Effendi attending graduate school at Balliol College in England, perhaps around 1919:
Shoghi Effendi at his portable typewriterCopyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, WilmetteUsed with permission - Please click for larger imageHere is a close-up of Shoghi Effendi, probably taken around the same time, in the years immediately before he became Guardian of the Baha'i Faith
Shoghi Effendi as a young manCopyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, WilmetteUsed with permissionIt was on this typewriter that Shoghi Effendi wrote all of his letters to the Baha'is of the West. All of the lengthy letters in "Baha'i Administration" and "Citadel of Faith," all of the manuscripts of his translations of the writings of Baha'u'llah -- the Gleanings, the Book of Certitude, Prayers and Meditations, as well as his manuscripts of "The Dawn-Breakers" and "God Passes By" -- all were produced on this typewriter. When he sent the manuscript of Baha'u'llah's Book of Certitude to the United States, he wrote:
Unable to find a good typist, I have had to do the work myself, and I trust that the proofreaders will find it easy to go over and will not mind the type errors which I have tried to correct. I would especially urge you to adhere to the transliteration which I have adopted. The correct title is, I feel, 'The Kitab-i-Iqan' the sub-title 'The Book of Certitude.' May it help the friends to approach a step further, and obtain a clearer idea of the fundamental teachings set forth by Baha'u'llah.(Shoghi Effendi, postscript to a letter published in Baha'i News #46, November 1930, p. 2)
Amatu'l-Baha Ruhiyyih Khanum, his wife, writes,
"He typed, on a very small portable machine, by the two-finger method, all his own manuscripts..." (The Priceless Pearl, p. 201)How many hundreds of hours Shoghi Effendi spent on reading his sources and compiling his notes, how many days and months in painstakingly writing out in long hand - and often rewriting - the majestic procession of his chapters, how many more wearisome days he sat at his small portable typewriter, hammering away with a few fingers, sometimes ten hours on end, as he typed the final copy of his work! And how many more hours we spent late into the night, when the daily typing was over, seated side by side at his big table in his bedroom, each with three copies of the typescript before us, proof-reading, making corrections, putting in by hand the thousands of accents on transliterated words which Shoghi Effendi would read aloud, until his eyes were bloodshot and blurred, his back and arms stiff with exhaustion, as we worked on to finish the entire chapter or part of a chapter he had typed that day. It had to be done. There was no possibility of working at a slower pace. he was racing against time to present the Bahá'Ãs of the West with this inimitable gift on the occasion of the one hundredth anniversary of the inception of their Faith. (The Priceless Pearl, p. 223)
"God Passes By" is really the only book Shoghi Effendi wrote; everything else was in the form of letters. Anyone who reads this magnificent book Shoghi Effendi labored so hard to give to us, will become much more aware of the grandeur of the Baha'i Faith, and more deeply familiar with its teachings.
Several times, Shoghi Effendi needed to retire to Switzerland, where he fought his spiritual battles, and prepared himself for his unimaginably demanding labors as Guardian of the Baha'i Faith. Following his return in November, 1923 he wrote to the Baha'is:
Upon my return, after a forced and prolonged absence, to the Holy Land, it is my first and most ardent wish to renew and strengthen those ties of brotherly love and fellowship that bind our hearts together in our common servitude to His sacred Threshold.
A few weeks later he wrote the following beautiful letter to the Baha'is in California, which he prepared on this same typewriter. It is a model of encouragement and leadership. In 1997 a copy of this letter was sent to all of the Baha'is in California, on the occasion of the establishment of the Regional Baha'i Council of the Western States. It is well worth reading and re-reading for the guidance and encouragement it provides.
Titles of the Baha'i Revelation
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"This Cause" -- Titles of the Baha'i Revelation, from the Baha'i Writings
1. this Revelation from the Most High
2. this most mighty Revelation.
3. this mighty, this glorious Revelation
4. this mighty, this transcendent Revelation
5. this sublime, this beauteous Revelation
6. this sublime and momentous Revelation
7. this sublime, this unique and wondrous Revelation
8. this mighty, this sublime, and most holy Revelation
9. this most sublime and momentous Revelation
10. this inestimable, this wondrous, and sublime Revelation
11. this most manifest, this lofty, this shining and glorious Revelation
12. this most manifest and all‑glorious Revelation
13. this wondrous Revelation
14. this most exalted, this most holy, this mighty, and wondrous Revelation
15. a Revelation direct from God
16. this God‑given, and ever‑enduring Revelation
17. this most potent Revelation
18. this Supreme Revelation
19.this Revelation whose influence hath pervaded all created things
20. this most effulgent, this most holy, and manifest Revelation of His Beauty
21. this holy, this glorious, and exalted Revelation
22. this new and wondrous Revelation
23. this wondrous and transcendent Revelation
24. This most wondrous and sublime Revelation
25. this mysterious and transcendent Revelation
26. this pre-eminent and glorious Revelation
27. this glorious, this august Revelation
28. this Most Great Revelation
29. so mighty a Revelation
30. so stupendous a Revelation
31. so transcendent a Revelation
32. so preeminent a Revelation
33. so tremendous a Revelation
34. so colossal a Revelation
35. so wondrous a Revelation
36. so sublime a revelation
37. so impetuous a Revelation
38. so overpowering a Revelation
39. so transcendent a Revelation
40. so stunning a revelation
41. so dazzling a Revelation
42. God's Revelation
43. apprehend the greatness of this Revelation, and perceive its stupendous glory
44. a momentous Revelation
45. a Revelation so incomparably great, so infinitely precious, so mightily potent, so manifestly innocent
47. a Divine Revelation
48. a Revelation of loving-kindness
49. this wondrous Revelation, this transcendent and divine Faith
50. this sacred, this mighty, and most exalted Faith
51. the changeless Faith of God, eternal in the past, eternal in the future
52. this, Thine inviolable Faith
53. His resistless, His irrefutable and most exalted Faith
54. the true Faith of God
55. this upright Faith
56. an immortal and infinitely precious Faith
57. this all‑compelling Cause
58. this pre-eminent Cause
59. this momentous Cause
60. this impregnable Cause, this glorious Announcement
61. this inviolable, this mighty and enlightened Cause
62. this wondrous and most exalted Cause
63. this wondrous Cause of God
64. this most wondrous Cause
65. this all-compelling Cause
66. this glorious Cause
67. My mighty and unassailable Cause
68. God's holy Cause
69. His great and mighty Cause
69a His glorious and resplendent Cause
69b His irresistible, His mighty and wondrous ause
70. this Most Great Cause
71. His shining and glorious Cause
72. Thine irresistible Cause
73. a heavenly Cause
74. this most great and lofty Cause
75. this new and living Cause
76. this most great and lofty Cause
77. this great and glorious Cause
78. this wonderful Cause
79. this new Cause
80. this great and most holy Cause
81. this sacred Cause
82. this steadily-growing Cause
83. this glorious Cause
84. this Holy Cause
85. this Divine Cause
86. this most precious Cause
87. such a Holy Cause
88. such a great Cause
89. so challenging a Cause
90. so unique, so enduring, so precious a Cause
91. so noble a Cause
92. so transcendent and priceless a Cause
93. so mighty a Cause
94. so pre-eminent and meritorious a Cause
95. so glorious and mighty a Cause
96. this all-embracing and all-compelling Cause
97. This most mighty Sovereignty
98. this Scene of transcendent glory
99. this Seat of stainless sanctity
100. this divine and glorious Vision
101. This most resplendent Dispensation
102. This glorious Dispensation
103. This wondrous Dispensation
104. This wondrous and exalted Dispensation
105. This most mighty Dispensation
106. This new and wondrous dispensation
107. This sacred Dispensation
108. This great dispensation
109. This divine dispensation
110. This universal dispensation
111. This Most Great Dispensation
112. This shining and luminous Beauty
113. My marvelous Revelation
114 a mysterious Faith
115 This greatest of all Dispensations
(First five photographs copyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community used with permission; final photograph copyright © 2006 Michael Bernhard, used with permission)
REFERENCES
1. �qán p. 77 paragraph 84
2. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 190
3. The Most Holy Tablet, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 12
4. Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 240
5. The Most Holy Book, p. 61, paragraph 116
6. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 14
7. The Most Holy Book, p. 71-72, paragraph 143
8. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 10
9. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 288
10. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 183
11. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 105
12. Prayers and Meditations by Baha'u'llah, p. 276
13. Proclamation of Baha'u'llah, p. 34
14. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 117
15. The Most Holy Book, p. 32, Paragraph #37.
16. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 82
17. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 95
18. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 97
19. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 273
20. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 294
21. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 330
22. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 324
23. Book of Certitude, p. 112
24. Summons of the Lord of Hosts, p. 67, Paragaraph 1.130
25. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 325
26. Book of Certitude, p. 227
27. Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 247
28. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 79
29. The Promised Day is Come, p. 118
30. Messages to America, p. 52
31. The Promised Day is Come, p. 13
32. The Promised Day is Come, p. 48
33. The Promised Day is Come, p. 78
34. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 24
35. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 62
36. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 100
37. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 103
38. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 112
39. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 123
40. God Passes By, p. 53
41. God Passes By, p. 103
42. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 271
43. The Kitab-i-Iqan, p. 236
44. God Passes By, p. 7
45. The Promised Day is Come, pp. 15-16
47. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 124
48. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 124
49. Book of Certitude, p. 252-253
50. The Most Holy Book, p. 36, paragraph 45
51. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 136
52. Selections from the Writings of the Bab, p. 193.
53. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 105
54. the Qayyumu'l-Asma, Selections from the Writings of the Bab, p. 41
55. the Qayyumu'l-Asma, Selections from the Writings of the Bab, p. 63
56. Messages to the Baha'i World, p. 101
57. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, pp. 57-58
58. Tablet of Tarazat (Ornaments), Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 44
59. Tablet of Tarazat (Ornaments), Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 44
60. Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 260
61. Tablet to Siyyid Mihdiy-i-Dahaji, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 201
62. Book of Certitude, p. 65
63. Book of Certitude, p. 77
64. Book of Certitude, p. 88
65. Tablet of Ishraqat (Splendours), Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 132
66. Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 235
67. The Most Holy Book, p. 62, Paragraph #117
68. Book of Certitude, p. 83
69. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 83
69a Paragraph 154, The Most Holy Book
69b Paragraph 167, The Most Holy Book
70. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 162
71. The Most Holy Book, p. 60, paragraph 113
72. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf p. 104
73. `Abdu’l-Baha, Japan Will Turn Ablaze! p. 6
74. `Abdu’l-Baha, The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 38
75. Selections from the Writings of `Abdu’l-Baha, p. 62
76. The Secret of Divine Civilization, p. 66
77. Paris Talks, p. 167
78. Tablets of `Abdu’l-Baha Abbas, Vol. I, p. 73
79. Tablets of `Abdu’l-Baha Abbas, Vol. I, p. 142
80. Tablets of `Abdu’l-Baha Abbas, Vol. II, p. 474
81. Baha’i Administration, p. 66
82. Baha’i Administration, p. 125
83. Citadel of Faith, p. 141
84. Unfolding Destiny, p. 170
85. Unfolding Destiny, p. 446
86. Dawn of a New Day, p. 134
87. Unfolding Destiny, p. 455
88. Baha’i Administration, p. 68
89. The Advent of Divine Justice, p. 3
90. Baha’i Administration, p. 61
91. Citadel of Faith, p. 93
92. Messages to America, p. 104
93. God Passes By, p. 409
94. Unfolding Destiny, p. 320
95. Letters to Australia and New Zealand 1923-1957, p. 11
96. The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.98
97. Gleanings 180
98. The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.97
99. The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.97
100. The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.98
101. �qán 222
102. Selections from the Writings of `Abdu'l-Bahá p. 30
103. �qán p. 173
104. �qán p. 105
105. Most Holy Book p. 109
106. Selections from the Writings of `Abdu'l-Bahá p. 112
107. Will and Testament of `Abdu'l-Bahá p. 13
108. Tablets of `Abdu'l-Bahá Abbas Vol. II, p. 449
109. Tablets of `Abdu'l-Bahá Abbas Vol. III, p. 647
110. Selections from the Writings of `Abdu'l-Bahá p. 145
111. Bahá'à Prayers 65
112. The Summons of the Lord of Hosts 29
113. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 325
114. This Decisive Hour; Messages from the Guardian to America 1932-1946, paragraph 85.5
115. This Decisive Hour; Messages from the Guardian to America 1932-1946, paragraph 85.8
"This Cause" -- Titles of the Baha'i Revelation, from the Baha'i Writings
1. this Revelation from the Most High
2. this most mighty Revelation.
3. this mighty, this glorious Revelation
4. this mighty, this transcendent Revelation
5. this sublime, this beauteous Revelation
6. this sublime and momentous Revelation
7. this sublime, this unique and wondrous Revelation
8. this mighty, this sublime, and most holy Revelation
9. this most sublime and momentous Revelation
10. this inestimable, this wondrous, and sublime Revelation
11. this most manifest, this lofty, this shining and glorious Revelation
12. this most manifest and all‑glorious Revelation
13. this wondrous Revelation
14. this most exalted, this most holy, this mighty, and wondrous Revelation
15. a Revelation direct from God
16. this God‑given, and ever‑enduring Revelation
17. this most potent Revelation
18. this Supreme Revelation
19.this Revelation whose influence hath pervaded all created things
20. this most effulgent, this most holy, and manifest Revelation of His Beauty
21. this holy, this glorious, and exalted Revelation
22. this new and wondrous Revelation
23. this wondrous and transcendent Revelation
24. This most wondrous and sublime Revelation
25. this mysterious and transcendent Revelation
26. this pre-eminent and glorious Revelation
27. this glorious, this august Revelation
28. this Most Great Revelation
29. so mighty a Revelation
30. so stupendous a Revelation
31. so transcendent a Revelation
32. so preeminent a Revelation
33. so tremendous a Revelation
34. so colossal a Revelation
35. so wondrous a Revelation
36. so sublime a revelation
37. so impetuous a Revelation
38. so overpowering a Revelation
39. so transcendent a Revelation
40. so stunning a revelation
41. so dazzling a Revelation
42. God's Revelation
43. apprehend the greatness of this Revelation, and perceive its stupendous glory
44. a momentous Revelation
45. a Revelation so incomparably great, so infinitely precious, so mightily potent, so manifestly innocent
47. a Divine Revelation
48. a Revelation of loving-kindness
49. this wondrous Revelation, this transcendent and divine Faith
50. this sacred, this mighty, and most exalted Faith
51. the changeless Faith of God, eternal in the past, eternal in the future
52. this, Thine inviolable Faith
53. His resistless, His irrefutable and most exalted Faith
54. the true Faith of God
55. this upright Faith
56. an immortal and infinitely precious Faith
57. this all‑compelling Cause
58. this pre-eminent Cause
59. this momentous Cause
60. this impregnable Cause, this glorious Announcement
61. this inviolable, this mighty and enlightened Cause
62. this wondrous and most exalted Cause
63. this wondrous Cause of God
64. this most wondrous Cause
65. this all-compelling Cause
66. this glorious Cause
67. My mighty and unassailable Cause
68. God's holy Cause
69. His great and mighty Cause
69a His glorious and resplendent Cause
69b His irresistible, His mighty and wondrous ause
70. this Most Great Cause
71. His shining and glorious Cause
72. Thine irresistible Cause
73. a heavenly Cause
74. this most great and lofty Cause
75. this new and living Cause
76. this most great and lofty Cause
77. this great and glorious Cause
78. this wonderful Cause
79. this new Cause
80. this great and most holy Cause
81. this sacred Cause
82. this steadily-growing Cause
83. this glorious Cause
84. this Holy Cause
85. this Divine Cause
86. this most precious Cause
87. such a Holy Cause
88. such a great Cause
89. so challenging a Cause
90. so unique, so enduring, so precious a Cause
91. so noble a Cause
92. so transcendent and priceless a Cause
93. so mighty a Cause
94. so pre-eminent and meritorious a Cause
95. so glorious and mighty a Cause
96. this all-embracing and all-compelling Cause
97. This most mighty Sovereignty
98. this Scene of transcendent glory
99. this Seat of stainless sanctity
100. this divine and glorious Vision
101. This most resplendent Dispensation
102. This glorious Dispensation
103. This wondrous Dispensation
104. This wondrous and exalted Dispensation
105. This most mighty Dispensation
106. This new and wondrous dispensation
107. This sacred Dispensation
108. This great dispensation
109. This divine dispensation
110. This universal dispensation
111. This Most Great Dispensation
112. This shining and luminous Beauty
113. My marvelous Revelation
114 a mysterious Faith
115 This greatest of all Dispensations
(First five photographs copyright © 2006 Baha'i International Community used with permission; final photograph copyright © 2006 Michael Bernhard, used with permission)
REFERENCES
1. �qán p. 77 paragraph 84
2. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 190
3. The Most Holy Tablet, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 12
4. Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 240
5. The Most Holy Book, p. 61, paragraph 116
6. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 14
7. The Most Holy Book, p. 71-72, paragraph 143
8. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 10
9. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 288
10. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 183
11. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 105
12. Prayers and Meditations by Baha'u'llah, p. 276
13. Proclamation of Baha'u'llah, p. 34
14. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 117
15. The Most Holy Book, p. 32, Paragraph #37.
16. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 82
17. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 95
18. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 97
19. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 273
20. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 294
21. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 330
22. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 324
23. Book of Certitude, p. 112
24. Summons of the Lord of Hosts, p. 67, Paragaraph 1.130
25. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 325
26. Book of Certitude, p. 227
27. Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 247
28. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 79
29. The Promised Day is Come, p. 118
30. Messages to America, p. 52
31. The Promised Day is Come, p. 13
32. The Promised Day is Come, p. 48
33. The Promised Day is Come, p. 78
34. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 24
35. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 62
36. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 100
37. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 103
38. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 112
39. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 123
40. God Passes By, p. 53
41. God Passes By, p. 103
42. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 271
43. The Kitab-i-Iqan, p. 236
44. God Passes By, p. 7
45. The Promised Day is Come, pp. 15-16
47. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 124
48. The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 124
49. Book of Certitude, p. 252-253
50. The Most Holy Book, p. 36, paragraph 45
51. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 136
52. Selections from the Writings of the Bab, p. 193.
53. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 105
54. the Qayyumu'l-Asma, Selections from the Writings of the Bab, p. 41
55. the Qayyumu'l-Asma, Selections from the Writings of the Bab, p. 63
56. Messages to the Baha'i World, p. 101
57. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, pp. 57-58
58. Tablet of Tarazat (Ornaments), Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 44
59. Tablet of Tarazat (Ornaments), Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 44
60. Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 260
61. Tablet to Siyyid Mihdiy-i-Dahaji, Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 201
62. Book of Certitude, p. 65
63. Book of Certitude, p. 77
64. Book of Certitude, p. 88
65. Tablet of Ishraqat (Splendours), Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 132
66. Tablets of Baha'u'llah, p. 235
67. The Most Holy Book, p. 62, Paragraph #117
68. Book of Certitude, p. 83
69. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 83
69a Paragraph 154, The Most Holy Book
69b Paragraph 167, The Most Holy Book
70. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf, p. 162
71. The Most Holy Book, p. 60, paragraph 113
72. Epistle to the Son of the Wolf p. 104
73. `Abdu’l-Baha, Japan Will Turn Ablaze! p. 6
74. `Abdu’l-Baha, The World Order of Baha’u’llah, p. 38
75. Selections from the Writings of `Abdu’l-Baha, p. 62
76. The Secret of Divine Civilization, p. 66
77. Paris Talks, p. 167
78. Tablets of `Abdu’l-Baha Abbas, Vol. I, p. 73
79. Tablets of `Abdu’l-Baha Abbas, Vol. I, p. 142
80. Tablets of `Abdu’l-Baha Abbas, Vol. II, p. 474
81. Baha’i Administration, p. 66
82. Baha’i Administration, p. 125
83. Citadel of Faith, p. 141
84. Unfolding Destiny, p. 170
85. Unfolding Destiny, p. 446
86. Dawn of a New Day, p. 134
87. Unfolding Destiny, p. 455
88. Baha’i Administration, p. 68
89. The Advent of Divine Justice, p. 3
90. Baha’i Administration, p. 61
91. Citadel of Faith, p. 93
92. Messages to America, p. 104
93. God Passes By, p. 409
94. Unfolding Destiny, p. 320
95. Letters to Australia and New Zealand 1923-1957, p. 11
96. The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.98
97. Gleanings 180
98. The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.97
99. The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.97
100. The Summons of the Lord of Hosts, paragraph 1.98
101. �qán 222
102. Selections from the Writings of `Abdu'l-Bahá p. 30
103. �qán p. 173
104. �qán p. 105
105. Most Holy Book p. 109
106. Selections from the Writings of `Abdu'l-Bahá p. 112
107. Will and Testament of `Abdu'l-Bahá p. 13
108. Tablets of `Abdu'l-Bahá Abbas Vol. II, p. 449
109. Tablets of `Abdu'l-Bahá Abbas Vol. III, p. 647
110. Selections from the Writings of `Abdu'l-Bahá p. 145
111. Bahá'à Prayers 65
112. The Summons of the Lord of Hosts 29
113. Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 325
114. This Decisive Hour; Messages from the Guardian to America 1932-1946, paragraph 85.5
115. This Decisive Hour; Messages from the Guardian to America 1932-1946, paragraph 85.8
Abdu'l-Baha, and Saffa and Vafa Kinney
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Saffa and Vafa Kinney were pillars of the Faith, immensely blessed by the Master. Edward was his birth name, but everyone knew him by the name the Master gave him, Saffa -- Serenity; and they called Carrie by the name the Master gave her, Vafa -- Certitude.
When Abdu'l-Baha's ship arrived in New York Harbor, and a multitude was awaiting Him on the dock, He asked Mr. Kinney to come on board, and He spoke with him. Then He directed everyone to go to the Kinneys' home, and wait for Him there. His first address on American soil was in the Kinney home:
When the Master fell asleep on John Bosch's shoulder during an automobile drive in New York, that drive ended at the Kinneys' home.
When the Master told Howard MacNutt, who had followed Khayrullah and then came back to the Covenant, and for a bountiful reward was directed to compile all of the Master's addresses into The Promulgation of Universal Peace -- when the Master told Mr. MacNutt to go and tell the people, "I was like Saul, now I am Paul" -- that was at the Kinneys' house, as recounted here.
In the movie of Abdu'l-Baha at the MacNutt home in Brooklyn, Mr. Kinney and Mr. Getsinger at the beginning of the movie are together walking up the sidewalk after the Master does.
This experience of Howard Colby Ives was in the Kinneys' home:
Abdu'l-Baha and the Kinney family
Copyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, WilmetteUsed With Permission
During a meal during that Pilgrimage, Juliet writes:
Mr. Kinney recounted that the New York Spiritual Assembly met in the Kinney home: Mr Kinney: "The Board of Council has met for three years past in my studio and I am very proud of it."
Our Lord: "It is indeed worthy to be proud of. I hope your home may always be the place of the gatherings; that the beloved of God may always come together there, be engaged in commemoration of God, have heavenly talks and speak through the confirmation of the Holy Spirit. Your home will be one of the heavenly constellations, Insha'llah, and the stars will gather there."
Mr Kinney: "What could I ask for more?"
Our Lord: "There is nothing superior to this."
The Master permitted the Kinneys to remain as pilgrims in the Holy Land for eight months during 1906. They asked Him for the privilege of returning the favor, imploring Him to visit America, and when He did, to stay as a guest in their home. He did, and while in their home in New York He told Mrs. Kinney, "I am returning your visit, but while I am in your home I will be the host and you will be the guests."
SAFFA KINNEYCopyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, Wilmette
Used With Permission
On the occasion of Saffa Kinney's passing, Shoghi Effendi cabled to the Baha'i world:
GRIEVE PASSING DEARLY LOVED, HIGHLY ADMIRED, GREATLY TRUSTED, STAUNCH, INDEFATIGABLE, SELF-SACRIFICING TEACHER, PILLAR FAITH, SAFFA KINNEY. HIS LEONINE SPIRIT, EXEMPLARY STEADFASTNESS, NOTABLE RECORD SERVICES ENRICHED ANNALS CLOSING PERIOD HEROIC AGE OPENING PHASE FORMATIVE AGE BAHA'I DISPENSATION. BOUNTIFUL REWARD ASSURED ABHA KINGDOM BENEATH SHADOW MASTER HE LOVED SO DEARLY, SERVED SO NOBLY, DEFENDED SO HEROICALLY UNTIL LAST BREATH. SHOGHI
"Saffa was so human." (Statement by one of Saffa Kinney's friends after his passing.)
That beautiful scene recounted in Portals to Freedom (pp. 50 ff.), when Howard Colby Ives followed the Master up the stairs when the Master was so tired, and asked Him about Renunciation, was in the Kinneys' home.
One day the Master asked Saffa Kinney to walk with Him on Riverside Drive. He stopped and looking deep in to Saffa's eyes asked in heart-piercing tones,
"Do you love Me? Do you love Me? Do you love Me?"
The next-to-last talk of the Master on America's shores was at the Kinneys' home:
‘Abdu’l-Bahá seated in the Kinneys Home, New York City, 1912Copyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, Wilmette Used With Permission
‘Abdu’l-Bahá Farewell at New York Harbor, December 5, 1912
Copyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, Wilmette Used With Permission
When Abdu'l-Baha's ship arrived in New York Harbor, and a multitude was awaiting Him on the dock, He asked Mr. Kinney to come on board, and He spoke with him. Then He directed everyone to go to the Kinneys' home, and wait for Him there. His first address on American soil was in the Kinney home:
How are you? Welcome! Welcome!Several important talks in the City of the Covenant recorded in The Promulgation of Universal Peace were in the Kinneys' home.
After arriving today, although weary with travel, I had the utmost longing and yearning to see you and could not resist this meeting. Now that I have met you, all my weariness has vanished, for your meeting is the cause of spiritual happiness.
I was in Egypt and was not feeling well, but I wished to come to you in America. My friends said, "This is a long journey; the sea is wide; you should remain here." But the more they advised and insisted, the greater became my longing to take this trip, and now I have come to America to meet the friends of God. This long voyage will prove how great is my love for you. There were many troubles and vicissitudes, but, in the thought of meeting you, all these things vanished and were forgotten.
I am greatly pleased with the city of New York. Its harbor entrance, its piers, buildings and broad avenues are magnificent and beautiful. Truly, it is a wonderful city. As New York has made such progress in material civilization, I hope that it may also advance spiritually in the Kingdom and Covenant of God so that the friends here may become the cause of the illumination of America, that this city may become the city of love and that the fragrances of God may be spread from this place to all parts of the world. I have come for this. I pray that you may be manifestations of the love of Bahá'u'lláh, that each one of you may become like a clear lamp of crystal from which the rays of the bounties of the Blessed Perfection may shine forth to all nations and peoples. This is my highest aspiration.
It was a long, long trip. The more we traveled, the greater seemed the expanse of the sea. The weather was brilliant and fine throughout; there was no storm and no end to the sea.
I am very happy to meet you all here today. Praise be to God that your faces are shining with the love of Bahá'u'lláh. To behold them is the cause of great spiritual happiness. We have arranged to meet you every day at the homes of the friends.
In the East people were asking me, "Why do you undertake this long voyage? Your body cannot endure such hardships of travel." When it is necessary, my body can endure everything. It has withstood forty years of imprisonment and can still undergo the utmost trials.
I will see you again. Now I will greet each one of you personally. It is my hope that you will all be happy and that we may meet again and again.
When the Master fell asleep on John Bosch's shoulder during an automobile drive in New York, that drive ended at the Kinneys' home.
When the Master told Howard MacNutt, who had followed Khayrullah and then came back to the Covenant, and for a bountiful reward was directed to compile all of the Master's addresses into The Promulgation of Universal Peace -- when the Master told Mr. MacNutt to go and tell the people, "I was like Saul, now I am Paul" -- that was at the Kinneys' house, as recounted here.
In the movie of Abdu'l-Baha at the MacNutt home in Brooklyn, Mr. Kinney and Mr. Getsinger at the beginning of the movie are together walking up the sidewalk after the Master does.
This experience of Howard Colby Ives was in the Kinneys' home:
Not long after that great first experience with 'Abdu'l-Bahá I was again talking with Him. It was in the beautiful home of Mr. and Mrs. Kinney, a family of the friends who seemed to feel that the gift of all which they possessed was too little to express their adoring love. Entering their home the roar of the city, the elegance and luxury of Riverside Drive, the poverty and wealth of our modern civilization all seemed to merge into a unity of nothingness and one entered an atmosphere of Reality. Those heavenly souls who thus demonstrated beyond any words their self-dedication had a direct influence upon my hesitating feet of which they could have had no suspicion. My heart throughout all worlds shall be filled with thankfulness to them.Juliet Thompson records in her diary that during her Pilgrimage to the Holy Land in 1906, at which the Kinney family were fellow-pilgrims, these events occurred:
In this home I had become a constant habitue. I could not keep away. One day 'Abdu'l-Bahá, the interpreter and I were alone in one of the smaller reception rooms on the ground floor. 'Abdu'l-Bahá had been speaking of some Christian doctrine and His interpretation of the words of Christ was so different from the accepted one that I could not restrain an expression of remonstrance. I remember speaking with some heat: "How is it possible to be so sure?" I asked. "No one can say with certainty what Jesus meant after all these centuries of misinterpretation and strife." He intimated that it was quite possible. It is indicative of my spiritual turmoil and my blindness to His station, that instead of His serenity and tone of authority impressing me as warranted it drove me to actual impatience. "That I cannot believe." I exclaimed. I shall never forget the glance of outraged dignity the interpreter cast upon me. It was as though he would say: "Who are you to contradict or even to question 'Abdu'l-Bahá!" But not so did 'Abdu'l-Bahá look at me. How I thank God that it was not! He looked at me a long moment before He spoke. His calm, beautiful eyes searched my soul with such love and understanding that all my momentary heat evaporated. He smiled as winningly as a lover smiles upon his beloved, and the arms of His spirit seemed to embrace me as He said softly that I should try my way and He would try His.
It was as though a cool hand had been laid upon a fevered brow; as though a cup of nectar had been held to parched lips; as though a key had unlocked my hard-bolted, crusted and rusted heart. The tears started and my voice trembled, "I'm sorry," I murmured.
Often since that day have I pondered on the tragic possibilities of the effect of an expression of the face. I have even thought I should like to write a book on The Glance that Saved the World, taking as a theme the way Jesus must have looked upon Peter after the three-fold denial. What could that glance have carried to the fear-stricken, doubting, angry Peter? Surely not the self-righteous, dignified look in the eyes of the interpreter for 'Abdu'l-Bahá. As surely it must have been something in the nature of the expression of all-embracing love, forgiveness and understanding with which 'Abdu'l-Bahá calmed and soothed and assured my heart. ("Portals to Freedom," pp. 36 ff.)
First, with a father's tender care, He came to the carriage with us and watched us start. At the house in Bahji He joined us in a cool, whitewashed room, its door and window-trimmings painted blue, the usual linen-covered divan lining its walls, under three wide windows. Outside stood wonderful trees, like still sentinels guarding the Tomb. Sanctity hung in the air, a brooding spirit. Nowhere else in the world is the beauty of nature so impregnated with the soul of Beauty, a reflection from another world. In the air of 'Akká and Carmel is -- Life.
On a table was a single photograph, Lua's. Our Lord called me to sit by His side, then, pointing to the photograph, said: "Your friend!"
I got it and placed it on a little table close to His elbow, between the couch where He sat and my own chair. As I did this His face lit up with a smile of heaven.
Tea was brought in -- in the little clear glasses always used in 'Akká -- and He served us with His own hands. Then, seating Himself again on the divan, He called the four children who were with us: two of his own little grandsons (Shoghi Effendi and Ruhi) and the two Kinney boys, and with a lavish tenderness, a superabundance of overflowing love, such as could only have come from the very Centre and Source of Love, He drew all four to His knees, clasped them in His arms, which enclosed them all, gathered and pressed and crushed them to His Heart of hearts. Then He set them down on the floor and, rising, Himself brought their tea to them.
`Words absolutely fail me when I try to express the divine picture I saw then. With the Christ-love radiating from Him with the intensest sweetness I have yet witnessed, He stooped to the floor Himself to serve the little children, the children of the East and the children of the West. He sat on the floor in their midst, He put sugar into their tea, stirred it and fed it to them, all the while smiling celestially, an infinite tenderness playing on the great Immortal Face like white light. I cannot express it! In a corner sat an old Persian believer, in a state of complete effacement before his Lord, his head bowed, his eyelids lowered, his hands crossed on his breast. Tears were pouring down his cheeks.
Abdu'l-Baha and the Kinney familyCopyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, WilmetteUsed With Permission
During a meal during that Pilgrimage, Juliet writes:
He called Mr. Kinney's attention to the rice. "Rice. Rice," He said in English, "very good." Then looking at me and laughing: "She is smiling at My English!" "I smile because Your voice makes me happier than anything in the world."
Soon, sensing my wish to speak to Him, only for the sake of speaking to Him: "Speak. Speak."
But I had really nothing to say! I brought forth this: "Even this physical food is the best in the world."
"That is because of your intense love. A poison given by a friend is like honey. A Persian poet says: 'The poison which comes from Thee to me is my antidote. A wound from Thee is remedy.' Certainly these physical dishes are tasteful to you because you have the greatest love."
I supplicated that He might give me poison and wound me in His Cause, that I might be found worthy of this. "I will. When afflictions and bitter conditions taste sweet to man, this shows that he is favoured in the sight of God." Mr Kinney said: "I am not eating now, but my Master is feeding me." Our Lord: "I, Myself, am the Food." As He spoke His head was bowed, His hands upturned, like cups, in His lap. He sat, the embodiment of Divine humility. A great Mystery flooded the room, and a tremendous Power. "How like Jesus that sounds!" whispered Mr Kinney. "Jesus," said our Lord, His head still bowed, "was the Bread that came down from Heaven, but I am the Food prepared by the Blessed Beauty, Bahá'u'lláh."
Mr. Kinney recounted that the New York Spiritual Assembly met in the Kinney home: Mr Kinney: "The Board of Council has met for three years past in my studio and I am very proud of it."
Our Lord: "It is indeed worthy to be proud of. I hope your home may always be the place of the gatherings; that the beloved of God may always come together there, be engaged in commemoration of God, have heavenly talks and speak through the confirmation of the Holy Spirit. Your home will be one of the heavenly constellations, Insha'llah, and the stars will gather there."
Mr Kinney: "What could I ask for more?"
Our Lord: "There is nothing superior to this."
The Master permitted the Kinneys to remain as pilgrims in the Holy Land for eight months during 1906. They asked Him for the privilege of returning the favor, imploring Him to visit America, and when He did, to stay as a guest in their home. He did, and while in their home in New York He told Mrs. Kinney, "I am returning your visit, but while I am in your home I will be the host and you will be the guests."
SAFFA KINNEYCopyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, Wilmette Used With Permission
On the occasion of Saffa Kinney's passing, Shoghi Effendi cabled to the Baha'i world:
GRIEVE PASSING DEARLY LOVED, HIGHLY ADMIRED, GREATLY TRUSTED, STAUNCH, INDEFATIGABLE, SELF-SACRIFICING TEACHER, PILLAR FAITH, SAFFA KINNEY. HIS LEONINE SPIRIT, EXEMPLARY STEADFASTNESS, NOTABLE RECORD SERVICES ENRICHED ANNALS CLOSING PERIOD HEROIC AGE OPENING PHASE FORMATIVE AGE BAHA'I DISPENSATION. BOUNTIFUL REWARD ASSURED ABHA KINGDOM BENEATH SHADOW MASTER HE LOVED SO DEARLY, SERVED SO NOBLY, DEFENDED SO HEROICALLY UNTIL LAST BREATH. SHOGHI
"Saffa was so human." (Statement by one of Saffa Kinney's friends after his passing.)
That beautiful scene recounted in Portals to Freedom (pp. 50 ff.), when Howard Colby Ives followed the Master up the stairs when the Master was so tired, and asked Him about Renunciation, was in the Kinneys' home.
One day the Master asked Saffa Kinney to walk with Him on Riverside Drive. He stopped and looking deep in to Saffa's eyes asked in heart-piercing tones,
"Do you love Me? Do you love Me? Do you love Me?"
The next-to-last talk of the Master on America's shores was at the Kinneys' home:
I am greatly pleased with you all and rejoice that you have shown me the utmost kindness and affection. It is my desire that Bahá'u'lláh shall be pleased with you, that you may follow His precepts and become worthy of His confirmations. The requirements are that your minds must be illumined, your souls must be rejoiced with the glad tidings of God, you must become imbued with spiritual moralities, your daily life must evidence faith and assurance, your hearts must be sanctified and pure, reflecting a high degree of love and attraction toward the Kingdom of Abha. You must become the lamps of Bahá'u'lláh so that you may shine with eternal light and be the proofs and evidences of His truth. Then will such signs of purity and chastity be witnessed in your deeds and actions that men will behold the heavenly radiance of your lives and say, "Verily, ye are the proofs of Bahá'u'lláh. Verily, Bahá'u'lláh is the True One, for He has trained such souls as these, each one of which is a proof in himself." They will say to others, "Come and witness the conduct of these souls; come and listen to their words, behold the illumination of their hearts, see the evidences of the love of God in them, consider their praiseworthy morals, and discover the foundations of the oneness of humanity firmly implanted within them. What greater proof can there be than these people that the message of Bahá'u'lláh is truth and reality?" It is my hope that each one of you shall be a herald of God, proclaiming the evidences of His appearance, in words, deeds and thoughts. Let your actions and utterances be a witness that you are of the Kingdom of Bahá'u'lláh. These are the duties enjoined upon you by Bahá'u'lláh.
Bahá'u'lláh endured the greatest hardships. He found neither rest by night nor peace by day. He was constantly under the stress of great calamity -- now in prison, now in chains, now threatened by the sword -- until finally He broke the cage of captivity, left this mortal world and ascended to the heaven of God. He endured all these tribulations for our sakes and suffered these deprivations that we might attain the bestowals of divine bounty. Therefore, we must be faithful to Him and turn away from our own selfish desires and fancies in order that we may accomplish that which is required of us by our Lord.
‘Abdu’l-Bahá seated in the Kinneys Home, New York City, 1912Copyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, Wilmette Used With Permission‘Abdu’l-Bahá Farewell at New York Harbor, December 5, 1912Copyright © 2010 Baha'i National Archives, Wilmette Used With Permission
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